International Comparison CCQM-P28: Ozone at ambient level

Viallon, Joële; Moussay, Philippe; Esler, M. B.; Wielgosz, Robert; Bremser, Wolfram; Novák, Jiří; Vokoun, Miroslav; Botha, Angelique; Rensburg, Mellisa Janse van; Zellweger, Christoph; Goldthorp, Sandra; Annette, Borowiak; Lagler, Friedrich; Waldén, Jari; Malgeri, Ettore; Sassi, Maria Paola; Gomez, Pilar Morillo; Patier, R. Fernández; Galán-Madruga, David; Woo, Jin-Chun; Kim, Yong Doo; Macé, Tatiana; Sutour, Christophe; Surget, Ana; Niederhauser, Bernhard; Schwaller, Daniel; Frigy, Beata; Váraljai, Irén Györgyné; Hashimoto, Shigeru; Mukai, Hirofumi; Tanimoto, Hiroshi; Ahleson, Hans Peter; Egeløv, A.H.; Ladegard, Nils; Marsteen, Leif; Tørnkvist, Kjersti Karlsen; Guenther, Franklin R.; Norris, James E; Hafkenscheid, T.L.; Rijn, Martin M Van; Quincey, Paul; Sweeney, B P; Langer, Sarka; Magnusson, Bertil; Bastian, J.; Stummer, Volker; Fröhlich, Marina; Wolf, Andreas; Konopelko, L. A.; Kustikov, Y A; Rumyanstev, Dmitry V

doi:10.1088/0026-1394/43/1a/08010

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…A second ozone standard is gas phase titration of ozone against nitric oxide gas standards. Differences between GPT and standard UV photometry have been investigated by Tanimoto et al (2006) and Viallon et al (2006bViallon et al ( , 2016 and found to be very small (~0.3%) when the newer values of the ozone absorption cross-sections (see Section 2.2.1) are used . Thus GPT supports the proposed decrease in the ozone absorption cross-section at 253.65 nm.…”

Section: Standards For the Measurement Of Ozone In The Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Tropospheric ozone from 1877 to 2016, observed levels, trends and uncertainties

Tarasick

Galbally

Cooper

et al. 2019

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

157

168

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From the earliest observations of ozone in the lower atmosphere in the 19th century, both measurement methods and the portion of the globe observed have evolved and changed. These methods have different uncertainties and biases, and the data records differ with respect to coverage (space and time), information content, and representativeness. In this study, various ozone measurement methods and ozone datasets are reviewed and selected for inclusion in the historical record of background ozone levels, based on relationship of the measurement technique to the modern UV absorption standard, absence of interfering pollutants, representativeness of the well-mixed boundary layer and expert judgement of their credibility. There are significant uncertainties with the 19th and early 20th-century measurements related to interference of other gases. Spectroscopic methods applied before 1960 have likely underestimated ozone by as much as 11% at the surface and by about 24% in the free troposphere, due to the use of differing ozone absorption coefficients.There is no unambiguous evidence in the measurement record back to 1896 that typical mid-latitude background surface ozone values were below about 20 nmol mol -1 , but there is robust evidence for increases in the temperate and polar regions of the northern hemisphere of 30-70%, with large uncertainty, between the period of historic observations, 1896-1975, and the modern period (1990-2014). Independent historical observations from balloons and aircraft indicate similar changes in the free troposphere. Changes in the southern hemisphere are much less. Regional representativeness of the available observations remains a potential source of large errors, which are difficult to quantify.The great majority of validation and intercomparison studies of free tropospheric ozone measurement methods use ECC ozonesondes as reference. Compared to UV-absorption measurements they show a modest (~1-5% ±5%) high bias in the troposphere, but no evidence of a change with time. Umkehr, lidar, and FTIR methods all show modest low biases relative to ECCs, and so, using ECC sondes as a transfer standard, all appear to agree to within one standard deviation with the modern UV-absorption standard. Other sonde types show an increase of 5-20% in sensitivity to tropospheric ozone from 1970-1995. Biases and standard deviations of satellite retrieval comparisons are often 2-3 times larger than those of other free tropospheric measurements. The lack of information on temporal changes of bias for satellite measurements of tropospheric ozone is an area of concern for long-term trend studies.

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Section: Standards For the Measurement Of Ozone In The Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Tropospheric ozone from 1877 to 2016, observed levels, trends and uncertainties

Tarasick

Galbally

Cooper

et al. 2019

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

157

168

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“…In addition, by limiting measurements to the strongest absorbing region of the spectrum, close to 255 nm, all measurements can be performed with a single absorption cell, over a limited ozone pressure range and in a limited time to avoid ozone decay due to dissociation, as reported by Mauersberger et al (1985Mauersberger et al ( , 1986Mauersberger et al ( , 1987. This group reported two values of the cross-section having a small relative standard uncertainty (0.5 and 0.7 %), and with values smaller by 0.8 and 1.4 % compared to the 1961 value reported by Hearn. During the first international comparison of ozone standards for ground-level ozone conducted by the BIPM, 23 laboratories reported results based on UV absorption compared to two laboratories reporting ozone concentration measurements based on gas phase titration systems: the National Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan as described by Tanimoto et al (2006) and the BIPM (Viallon et al, 2006a). Gas phase titration involves reacting ozone in air with nitrogen monoxide, and measuring either the loss of nitrogen monoxide or the gain of the reaction product, nitrogen dioxide, to deduce the ozone concentration in the sample.…”

Section: Introduction and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate measurements of ozone absorption cross-sections in the Hartley band

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Ozone plays a crucial role in tropospheric chemistry, is the third largest contributor to greenhouse radiative forcing after carbon dioxide and methane and also a toxic air pollutant affecting human health and agriculture. Long-term measurements of tropospheric ozone have been performed globally for more than 30 years with UV photometers, all relying on the absorption of ozone at the 253.65 nm line of mercury. We have re-determined this cross-section and report a value of 11.27 × 10 −18 cm 2 molecule −1 with an expanded relative uncertainty of 0.86 % (coverage factor k = 2). This is lower than the conventional value currently in use and measured by Hearn (1961) with a relative difference of 1.8 %, with the consequence that historically reported ozone concentrations should be increased by 1.8 %. In order to perform the new measurements of cross-sections with reduced uncertainties, a system was set up to generate pure ozone in the gas phase together with an optical system based on a UV laser with lines in the Hartley band, including accurate path length measurement of the absorption cell and a careful evaluation of possible impurities in the ozone sample by mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. This resulted in new measurements of absolute values of ozone absorption cross-sections of 9.48×10 −18 , 10.44×10 −18 and 11.07 × 10 −18 cm 2 molecule −1 , with relative expanded uncertainties better than 0.7 %, for the wavelengths (in vacuum) of 244.06, 248.32, and 257.34 nm respectively. The cross-section at the 253.65 nm line of mercury was determined by comparisons using a Standard Reference Photometer equipped with a mercury lamp as the light source. The newly reported value should be used in the future to obtain the most accurate measurements of ozone concentration, which are in closer agreement with non-UV-photometry based methods such as the gas phase titration of ozone with nitrogen monoxide.

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“…During the first international comparison conducted by the BIPM [ Viallon et al , 2006a], 23 instrument standards based on UV absorption (same measurement principle as that of the SRP) were compared together with two systems based on gas‐phase titration, an independent method for ozone concentration measurements, maintained by the BIPM and by the National Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan [ Tanimoto et al , 2006]. Gas‐phase titration consists of mixing the ozone in air sample with nitrogen monoxide and measuring either the loss of nitrogen monoxide or the gain of the reaction product, nitrogen dioxide, to deduce the ozone concentration in the sample.…”

Section: Introduction and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative measurements of ozone absorption cross‐sections at three wavelengths in the Hartley band using a well‐defined UV laser beam

et al. 2012

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[1] New measurements of absorption cross sections of ozone are reported using a photometer with a well-defined UV laser beam at three different wavelengths in the Hartley band, by comparison with the conventional cross-section value at the mercury line wavelength of 253.65 nm. Reported measurement results and uncertainties are dependent on the value of the cross section used at 253.65 nm. Using the value determined by Hearn (1961), ozone absorption cross-section values of 9.64 Â 10 À18 , 10.61 Â 10 À18 , and 11.26 Â 10 À18 cm 2 molecule À1 are reported at wavelengths of 244.06, 248.32, and 257.34 nm, respectively; whereas, use of the Malicet (1995) value leads to ozone absorption cross-section values of 9.50 Â 10 À18 , 10.45 Â 10 À18 , and 11.12 Â 10 À18 cm 2 molecule À1 , respectively. In all cases, the uncertainty of the results is dominated by the contribution from the cross-section value at 253.65 nm. The experimental setup described in this article not only provides a minor contribution to the entire reported measurement uncertainties but also confirms the internal consistency of previously published ozone absorption cross-section data sets and demonstrates the biases that can be introduced by changing data sets. The results are important for the accurate measurement of ozone concentrations in the troposphere by UV absorption methods and also for all measurements of ozone concentration in the atmosphere by spectroscopic methods for which the values of the absorption cross sections have been scaled to measured values in the Hartley band.Citation: Petersen, M., J. Viallon, P. Moussay, and R. I. Wielgosz (2012), Relative measurements of ozone absorption cross-sections at three wavelengths in the Hartley band using a well-defined UV laser beam,

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International Comparison CCQM-P28: Ozone at ambient level

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Tropospheric ozone from 1877 to 2016, observed levels, trends and uncertainties

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Tropospheric ozone from 1877 to 2016, observed levels, trends and uncertainties

Accurate measurements of ozone absorption cross-sections in the Hartley band

Relative measurements of ozone absorption cross‐sections at three wavelengths in the Hartley band using a well‐defined UV laser beam

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