International Best Practices in Career Development: Review of the Literature

Abstract

This paper presents a review of the literature to identify exemplary international career planning programs. Following the National Career Development Guidelines as a guide, a framework was created to organize the research: Content, process, and infrastructure. This review of the literature supports the general tenets of career development -that self-knowledge and career exploration, and an interactive and integrated method of delivery, are key to sound career decisionmaking. The focus of the international community indicates increasing interest of the world on career guidance services, and commonalities among countries differing along many cultural, social, and economic lines.Re´sume´. Les bonnes pratiques internationales dans le de´veloppement des trajectoires de vie professionnelle: revue de la litte´rature. Cet article pre´sente un examen de la litte´rature pour identifier des programmes internationaux exemplaires de planification de carrie`re. En prenant les Directives Nationales de De´veloppement des Trajectoires de Vie Professionnelle comme guide, on a cre´e´un cadre de re´fe´rences pour organiser la recherche: contenus, processus et infrastructures. Cet examen de la litte´rature conforte les principes ge´ne´raux du de´veloppement de la vie professionnelle, a`savoir que la connaissance de soi, l'exploration de carrie`re et une me´thode interactive et inte´gre´e sont des e´le´ments cle´pour une prise de de´cision de carrie`re e´claire´e. La communaute´internationale insiste sur l'inte´reˆt croissant dans le monde pour les services d'orientation de carrie`re et sur ce qu'il y a de commun entre des pays qui diffe`rent en termes d'aspects culturels, sociaux et e´conomiques.Zusammenfassung. Internationale Praxisempfehlungen in der Berufsberatung: Literatursichtung. Dieser Artikel stellt eine Literatursichtung vor, die vorbildliche internationale Berufswahlprogramme ausgewa¨hlt hat. Auf der Grundlage der Nationalen Berufsberatungsrichtlinien wurde eine Struktur entwickelt, an der sich die Suche ausrichtete: Inhalt, Prozesse, Infrastruktur. Diese Literatursichtung belegt die allgemeinen Grundannahmen der Berufsberatung -dass na¨mlich die Kenntnis der eigenen Person, die Berufskunde und die interaktiven und integrativen Verfahren des Berufswahlunterrichts die Schlu¨ssel fu¨r eine abgesicherte Berufsentscheidung sind. Die Aufmerksamkeit des internationalen Beratungsfeldes weist auf ein wachsendes Interesse der Welt an Berufsberatungsdienstleistungen hin, sowie auf Gemeinsamkeiten u¨ber La¨ndergrenzen hinweg, die sich jedoch entlang verschiedener kultureller, sozialer und wirtschaftlicher Linien durchaus auch unterscheiden.Resumen. Buenas Pra´cticas Internaciones de la Orientacio´n para el Desarrollo de la Carrera: Revisio´n de la Literatura. Este artı´culo presenta una revisio´n de la literatura para identificar programas ejemplares de planificacio´n de la carrera internacionales. Tomando como guı´a las Directrices Nacionales del Desarrollo de la Carrera (National Career Development Guidelines, EEUU), se creoú n ma...

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