Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) Scale: A multinational review

Stigma resistance is positively associated with psychiatric and psychosocial outcomes: A meta-analysis

“…First, although the overall ISMIS has shown good reliability (Boyd et al, 2014), the Stigma Resistance subscale scores have variable reliability (Ritsher et al, 2003). As a result, some research on self-stigma using the ISMIS calculates a self-stigma score that excludes Stigma Resistance subscale or examines this sub-scale separately (Lysaker et al, 2012;MashiachEizenberg et al, 2013;Park et al, 2013).…”

Cross-Validation of Two Commonly Used Self-Stigma Measures, Taiwan Versions of the Internalized Stigma Mental Illness Scale and Self-Stigma Scale–Short, for People With Mental Illness

“…Second, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have cross-validated any two or more scores of self-stigma instruments at the same time. Third, most of the studies evaluating the scores of psychometric self-stigma instruments used only classical statistical methods, such as exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability using correlation coefficients (Boyd et al, 2014;Stevelink et al, 2012). However, some advanced statistical methods (e.g., item response theory, which is described in detail later) have been available for more than half a century and, therefore, a cumulative evaluation of the construct validity of those instruments is needed to inform healthcare professionals and researchers (Su, Experience" has been considered embedded within the concept of experienced stigma, rather than self-stigma per se.…”

Development and validation of the Self-Stigma Questionnaire (SSQ) for people with schizophrenia and its relation to social functioning

“…Lysaker et al (2012) [11] assessed the stigma of people with schizophrenia who worked in a vocational rehabilitation program, finding that a decrease in self-stigma correlated with an increase in self-esteem. Several studies have demonstrated that more stigmatized people presented more symptoms [12][13][14]. Muñoz et al (2011) [15] found that psychosocial outcomes, especially those related to personal autonomy, were associated with social stigma in a group of people with mental illness.…”