Internalized stigma among people with schizophrenia: Relationship with socio-demographic, clinical and medication-related features

Barlati, Stefano; Morena, Donato; Nibbio, Gabriele; Cacciani, P.; Corsini, Paola; Mosca, Alessandra; Deste, Giacomo; Accardo, Vivian; Turrina, Cesare; Valsecchi, Paolo; Vita, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.06.007

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Finally, another recent study ( 59 ), including data on 94 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and assessed for a previous study ( 76 ), investigated the impact of autistic symptoms on global functioning, subjective well-being, and internalized stigma, measured with the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale. Patients with autistic schizophrenia (PAUSS ≥ 30), compared to other participants, showed worse global functioning both a 1-week and 1-year assessment ( p < 0.001 for both); however, no significant difference was observed in subjective well-being.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and correlates of autistic symptoms in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders measured with the PANSS Autism Severity Score: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are considered separate entities, but the two spectra share important similarities, and the study of these areas of overlap represents a field of growing scientific interest. The PANSS Autism Score (PAUSS) was recently developed specifically to assess autistic symptoms in people living with SSD reliably and quickly. The aims of the present systematic review were to provide a comprehensive assessment of the use of the PAUSS scale in available literature and to systematically analyze cognitive, functional and neurobiological correlates of autistic symptoms measured with this instrument in SSD. The systematic literature search included three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus and PsycINFO) as well as a manual search in Google Scholar and in reference lists of included papers. Screening and extraction were conducted by at least two independent reviewers. Out of 213 identified records, 22 articles referring to 15 original studies were included in the systematic review. Studies were conducted in several different countries by independent groups, showing consistent scientific interest in the use of the scale; most works focused on cognitive and functional correlates of ASD symptoms, but some also considered neurobiological features. Results of included studies showed that autistic symptoms in people with SSD are consistently associated with worse cognitive performance, especially in the social cognition domain, and with worse psychosocial functioning. However, the presence of autistic symptoms appears to also have a protective role, particularly on functioning, in subjects with more severe psychotic symptoms. Further exploring the impact of autistic symptoms could be of significant scientific and clinical interest, allowing the development of tailored interventions to improve treatment for people living with SSDs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and correlates of autistic symptoms in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders measured with the PANSS Autism Severity Score: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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“…The notion of self-image, the gaze of others, is an essential notion for PWS, as they suffer from stigmatisation and many prejudices [28][29][30]. It is interesting to note that PWS feel that "the gaze of others" clearly passes through the mouth with all the symbolism associated with it in relationships (Item 11: "My jaw and my teeth are not good"; Item14: "Because of the appearance of my mouth, I am afraid of the gaze of others"; Item 27: "The state of my mouth makes it difficult for me to smile").…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Properties of the Schizophrenia Oral Health Profile: Preliminary Results

Denis

Rouached²,

Siu-Paredes

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The Schizophrenia Oral Health Profile questionnaire was developed to assess the oral health-related quality of life among individuals with schizophrenia based on their perceptions rather than from caregivers. A 5-point Likert scale was used to self-report on 42 items. In the present study, different analyses were conducted to determine the dimensional structure of the final scale: (1) inter-item correlation analysis and Cronbach’s α coefficient, (2) Rasch model analysis, (3) exploratory factor analysis and (4) confirmatory factor analysis. The final version of the Schizophrenia Oral Health Profile questionnaire consisted of 20 items and an internal structure composed of three dimensions: (1) emotions related to oral health, (2) oral pain and discomfort and (3) self-image, others’ views and the need for care. We showed that the difficulty and discrimination indices of each of the 20 selected items were acceptable according to the Rasch model, as well as their inter-item and inter-score correlations (α = 0.875). The psychometric study of the Schizophrenia Oral Health Profile questionnaire is still in progress to investigate reproducibility, sensitivity to change and external structure.

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“…Stigma is defined as the co-occurrence of the components of labeling, stereotyping, separation, status loss, and discrimination ( 54 ). Self-stigma (i.e., internalized stigma) is associated a range of autonomy relevant outcomes such as self-esteem, impaired social relationships, increased suicide risk, poorer vocational functioning, avoidant coping an decreased service engagement ( 55 , 56 ). Indeed studies showed a link between self-stigma and empowerment self-esteem, self-efficacy in people with schizophrenia ( 56 , 57 ) who are at high risk of suffering from stigma and self-stigma ( 56 ).…”

Section: Autonomy Subverting Effects Of Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Autonomy in Psychiatry

et al. 2022

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Mental illness undermines a patient's personal autonomy: the capacities of a person that enables them to live a meaningful life of their own making. So far there has been very little attention given to personal autonomy within psychiatry. This is unfortunate as personal autonomy is disturbed in different ways in psychiatric disorders, and understanding how autonomy is affected by mental illness is crucial for differential diagnosis and treatment, and also for understanding personal recovery. We will argue that disturbance of personal autonomy is related to patient's diminished quality of life and suffering that motivates seeking treatment. We hypothesize that (1) personal autonomy is generally reduced by mental illness but (2) the effects on autonomy are expressed differently according to the underlying psychopathology, and also vary according to the (3) context, and perspective of the individual patient. We provide a discussion of how autonomy can be affected in five prototypical mental disorders; Major Depressive Disorder, Substance-use Disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa and Schizophrenia. We take these disorders to be illustrative of how diminished autonomy is a central but overlooked dimension of mental illness. We will use our discussion of these disorders as the basis for identifying key dimensions of autonomy that could be relevant to innovate treatment of psychiatric disorders.

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Internalized stigma among people with schizophrenia: Relationship with socio-demographic, clinical and medication-related features

Cited by 39 publications

References 69 publications

Assessment and correlates of autistic symptoms in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders measured with the PANSS Autism Severity Score: A systematic review

Assessment and correlates of autistic symptoms in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders measured with the PANSS Autism Severity Score: A systematic review

Psychometric Properties of the Schizophrenia Oral Health Profile: Preliminary Results

Defining Autonomy in Psychiatry

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