Internal Waves in Monterey Submarine Canyon

Kunze, Eric; Rosenfeld, Leslie K.; Carter, Glenn S.; Gregg, Michael C.

doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2002)032<1890:iwimsc>2.0.co;2

Cited by 273 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Given that up-canyon internal tide energy fluxes have been observed at almost all locations in the canyon (e.g., Kunze et al, 2002;Carter and Gregg, 2002;Wain et al, Submitted), we can assume that the upcanyon propagating internal tide (generated on Sur Slope, outside the canyon mouth) is the major component of the partly standing wave. The down-canyon propagating internal tide after reflection from bathymetry (somewhere near the canyon head) is the minor component.…”

Section: Discussion: Transition From Partly Standing To Progressive Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where u is the velocity perturbation, p is the pressure perturbation, and · denotes an average over a tidal cycle (e.g., Kunze et al, 2002;Nash et al, 2005). The perturbations u and p are reconstructed from the harmonic constants.…”

Section: Internal Tide Energeticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the largest submarine canyon along the west coast of the United States and has been the focus of several internal tide observational programs (Key, 1999;Kunze et al, 2002;Johnston et al, 2011;Kunze et al, 2012) and numerical modelling studies (Petruncio et al, 2002;Jachec et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2009;Kang and Fringer, 2012). In stratified seas, barotropic (surface) tidal flow across the sloping topography typical of submarine canyons can generate internal tides (internal gravity waves with tidal frequencies) by vertically displacing density surfaces (Bell, 1975;Baines, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transition from partly standing to progressive internal tides in Monterey Submarine Canyon

Hall

Alford

Carter

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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Monterey Submarine Canyon is a large, sinuous canyon off the coast of California, the upper reaches of which were the subject of an internal tide observational program using moored profilers and upward-looking moored ADCPs. The mooring observations measured a near-surface stratification change in the upper canyon, likely caused by a seasonal shift in the prevailing wind that favoured coastal upwelling. This change in near-surface stratification caused a transition in the behaviour of the internal tide in the upper canyon from a partly standing wave during pre-upwelling conditions to a progressive wave during upwelling conditions. Using a numerical model, we present evidence that either a partly standing or a progressive internal tide can be simulated in the canyon, simply by changing the initial stratification conditions in accordance with the observations. The mechanism driving the transition is a dependence of down-canyon (supercritical) internal tide reflection from the canyon floor and walls on the depth of maximum stratification. During pre-upwelling conditions, the main pycnocline extends down to 200 m (below the canyon rim) resulting in increased supercritical reflection of the up-canyon propagating internal tide back down the canyon. The large up-canyon and smaller down-canyon progressive waves are the two components of the partly standing wave. During upwelling conditions, the pycnocline shallows to the upper 50 m of the watercolumn (above the canyon rim) resulting in decreased supercritical reflection and allowing the up-canyon progressive wave to dominate.

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Section: Discussion: Transition From Partly Standing To Progressive Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Internal Tide Energeticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transition from partly standing to progressive internal tides in Monterey Submarine Canyon

Hall

Alford

Carter

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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“…where g is gravity, h an estimate of surface displacement (TPX07.2, Egbert 1997), and a a constant of integration that ensures p9 has zero depth average (Kunze et al 2002). The first term in the integral is traditional buoyancy and the second term is buoyancy due to isopycnal heaving by movement of the free surface (i.e., surfacetide buoyancy has been subtracted; Kelly et al 2010).…”

Section: ) the Cross-slope Snapshotmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cascade of Tidal Energy from Low to High Modes on a Continental Slope

Kelly

Nash

Martini

et al. 2012

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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The linear transfer of tidal energy from large to small scales is quantified for small tidal excursion over a near-critical continental slope. A theoretical framework for low-wavenumber energy transfer is derived from ''flat bottom'' vertical modes and evaluated with observations from the Oregon continental slope. To better understand the observations, local tidal dynamics are modeled with a superposition of two idealized numerical simulations, one forced by local surface-tide velocities and the other by an obliquely incident internal tide generated at the Mendocino Escarpment 315 km southwest of the study site. The simulations reproduce many aspects of the observed internal tide and verify the modal-energy balances. Observed transfer of tidal energy into high-mode internal tides is quantitatively consistent with observed turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation. Locally generated and incident simulated internal tides are superposed with varying phase shifts to mimic the effects of the temporally varying mesoscale. Altering the phase of the incident internal tide alters (i) internal-tide energy flux, (ii) internal-tide generation, and (iii) energy conversion to high modes, suggesting that tidally driven TKE dissipation may vary between 0 and 500 watts per meter of coastline on 3-5-day time scales. Comparison of observed in situ internal-tide generation and satellite-derived estimates of surface-tide energy loss is inconclusive.

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“…Também, há indícios de geração próximo a cânions submarinos (PETRUNCIO et al, 1998;KUNZE et al, 2002) e deltas subaquáticos (GEYER et al, 1996;NITTROUER e DEMASTER, 1996 (MUNK, 1981;BAINES, 1982;CRAIG, 1987):…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Marés internas semi-diurnas na plataforma continental amazônica

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Internal Waves in Monterey Submarine Canyon

Cited by 273 publications

References 74 publications

Transition from partly standing to progressive internal tides in Monterey Submarine Canyon

Transition from partly standing to progressive internal tides in Monterey Submarine Canyon

The Cascade of Tidal Energy from Low to High Modes on a Continental Slope

Marés internas semi-diurnas na plataforma continental amazônica

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