Internal waves, an under-explored source of turbulence events in the sedimentary record

Pomar, Luis; Morsilli, Michele; Hallock, Pamela; Bádenas, Beatriz

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.12.005

Cited by 219 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…There is a consistent association between the nutriclines and the chlorophyll maximum in various aquatic environments (Cullen, 2015) and it is also common in the Strait . There is a frequent upward flux of nutrients through the nutricline due to entrainment in the Strait (Yin et al, 1995a, b, c) and by internal waves in the open ocean (Pomar et al, 2012). Phytoplankton in the chlorophyll maximum are generally exposed to nutrients, and when these cells are brought up to the surface during entrainment or wind mixing (Yin et al, 1995a) they can quickly photosynthesize (Yin et al, 1995c).…”

Section: Significance Of Sequential Uptake Of Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential nutrient uptake as a potential mechanism for phytoplankton to maintain high primary productivity and balanced nutrient stoichiometry

2017

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Abstract. We hypothesize that phytoplankton have the sequential nutrient uptake strategy to maintain nutrient stoichiometry and high primary productivity in the water column. According to this hypothesis, phytoplankton take up the most limiting nutrient first until depletion, continue to draw down non-limiting nutrients and then take up the most limiting nutrient rapidly when it is available. These processes would result in the variation of ambient nutrient ratios in the water column around the Redfield ratio. We used highresolution continuous vertical profiles of nutrients, nutrient ratios and on-board ship incubation experiments to test this hypothesis in the Strait of Georgia. At the surface in summer, ambient NO . This sequential uptake strategy allows phytoplankton to acquire additional cellular phosphorus and silicon when they are available and wait for nitrogen to become available through frequent mixing of NO − 3 (or pulsed regenerated NH 4 ). Thus, phytoplankton are able to maintain high productivity and balance nutrient stoichiometry by taking advantage of vigorous mixing regimes with the capacity of the stoichiometric plasticity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show the in situ dynamics of continuous vertical profiles of N : P and N : Si ratios, which can provide insight into the in situ dynamics of nutrient stoichiometry in the water column and the inference of the transient status of phytoplankton nutrient stoichiometry in the coastal ocean.

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Section: Significance Of Sequential Uptake Of Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential nutrient uptake as a potential mechanism for phytoplankton to maintain high primary productivity and balanced nutrient stoichiometry

2017

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“…However, Nash and Moum (2005) identified river plumes as a source of internal waves, which indicates they could affect the areas studied by Gambi and Giangrande (1986). Pomar et al (2012, see also Pomar et al, 2013 reviewed the major effects of internal waves on sediment mobilisation, structures and the sedimentary record. In the Celtic Sea (and Armorican shelf), the areas of high Ditrupa abundance appear to correspond with those influenced by internal waves, which occur during the summer months (July to September), when a welldeveloped thermocline is present (Pingree and Mardell, 1981;Jackson, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the occurrence and ecology of dense populations of Ditrupa arietina (Polychaeta: Serpulidae)

Hartley¹

2014

Mem. Mus. Vic.

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Hartley, J.P. 2014. A review of the occurrence and ecology of dense populations of Ditrupa arietina (Polychaeta: Serpulidae). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 85-95.Dense populations of the free-living serpulid Ditrupa arietina were first recorded to the west and north of the Shetland Isles in the 1920s and have since been reported from the Celtic and North Seas, the Armorican shelf, the Mediterranean and the Azores. These dense populations (of many thousands per square metre) numerically dominate the benthic fauna, and the tubes provide sites of attachment for a range of other species. Vacated tubes are also occupied by other animals, and tube fragments can contribute significantly to biogenic carbonate sediments, both Recent and fossil. Dense Ditrupa populations have been the subject of detailed autecological research over the last 15 years, but in spite of the apparent ecological importance of the species, it is not reflected in the European Nature Information System (EUNIS) or other North-east (NE) Atlantic habitat classifications. This paper provides a synthesis of the environmental conditions where high densities of Ditrupa have been found, with new data from seabed samples and photos. Ditrupa appears to occupy different habitats in the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean, and studies of its morphology and genetics are needed to determine if there is a taxonomic basis to this ecological separation. Although the evidence is sparse, it is concluded that, in the NE Atlantic, dense populations of Ditrupa are found in areas where the seabed is periodically disturbed by internal wave action. European and other habitat classification schemes require revision to reflect the areas of occurrence and benthic effects of internal waves.

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“…Compared with the study of gravity flow and contour current deposits, that of internal-wave and internal-tide deposits is a relatively new and under-explored field of research, as recently emphasized by, for example, Hernández-Molina et al (2011), andPomar et al (2012). The term "internal-tide deposit" was coined by Gao and Eriksson in the 1990s when they studied the Ordovician Bays Formation in the Appalachians, North America (Gao and Eriksson 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Reply to the Discussion of He et al. (2011, Geo-Marine Letters) Evidence of internal-wave and internal-tide deposits in the Middle Ordovician Xujiajuan Formation of the Xiangshan Group, Ningxia, China

Jinxiong

Gao

et al. 2012

Geo-Mar Lett

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A point-by-point reply is here made to the discussion put forward by G. Shanmugam of our recent paper on internal-wave and internal-tide deposits in the Middle Ordovician Xujiajuan Formation of the Xiangshan Group, Ningxia, China. We readily acknowledge that some issues raised by that author are pertinent. However, others are inconsequential, marginal, disputable, or redundant. The available evidence clearly supports our interpretation that the Middle Ordovician Xujiajuan Formation was deposited in a deep-water setting. Furthermore, we uphold that an internal-wave and internal-tide interpretation for these deposits is plausible in view of the occurrence of bidirectional cross-bedding and unidirectional cross-bedding dipping upslope in a deep-water environment. Also, we consider the request to provide conclusive evidence for the existence of a pycnocline in our stratigraphic record as unreasonable-it is self-evident that these data are currently not available, and the absence of proof is not proof of the contrary. Point-by-point reply

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Internal waves, an under-explored source of turbulence events in the sedimentary record

Cited by 219 publications

References 156 publications

Sequential nutrient uptake as a potential mechanism for phytoplankton to maintain high primary productivity and balanced nutrient stoichiometry

Sequential nutrient uptake as a potential mechanism for phytoplankton to maintain high primary productivity and balanced nutrient stoichiometry

A review of the occurrence and ecology of dense populations of Ditrupa arietina (Polychaeta: Serpulidae)

Reply to the Discussion of He et al. (2011, Geo-Marine Letters) Evidence of internal-wave and internal-tide deposits in the Middle Ordovician Xujiajuan Formation of the Xiangshan Group, Ningxia, China

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