Internal wave-mediated shading causes frequent vertical migrations in fishes

Kaartvedt, Stein; Klevjer, Thor A.; Aksnes, Dag L.

doi:10.3354/meps09688

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…These results support the suggestion that vertically undulating searching behaviour is a natural foraging strategy of wild cod. Fish have been found to undertake oscillating vertical migrations in accordance with internal waves (Kaartvedt et al 2012), but this cannot explain the undulating movements of cod in the present study, as the seawater in this relatively short, shallow and open fjord was vertically mixed at the time of the study and thus no internal waves were present.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Synchronous and vertically undulating swimming behaviour of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Björnsson¹,

Reynisson²

2013

Aquat. Biol.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Synchronous and vertically undulating swimming behaviour of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Björnsson¹,

Reynisson²

2013

Aquat. Biol.

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“…An active behavioral response with a direct influence on distribution may result from plankton swimming up against downwelling currents, resulting in accumulation and transport in internal tidal bore warm fronts (Pineda ). NLIW might also change indirectly the depth distribution of pelagic organisms, as when thinning and thickening of the surface turbid layer by NLIW changes the light environment at depth, resulting in short‐term vertical migrations of fish (Kaartvedt et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of small sharks to nonlinear internal waves

Pineda

Rouse

Starczak

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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Plankton and nekton may respond passively or actively to large-amplitude, nonlinear internal waves (NLIW), with periods and wavelengths on the order of minutes and hundreds of meters, and the NLIW can cause direct or indirect changes in distribution. NLIW are ubiquitous in the coastal ocean, but understanding the influence of NLIW on organism response and distribution is challenging, because of NLIW unpredictability, short temporal and spatial scales, and the difficulty in resolving the biological response. Measurements of currents, temperature, and shark acoustic traces in Massachusetts Bay were used to evaluate the short-term response of individuals as well as the mean effects on the distribution of an aggregation of small sharks, Squalus acanthias. In two NLIW events, we detected 527 and 3240 shark traces. Individuals moved up and down in response to the currents associated with the sinking and rising of the thermocline. However, mean distribution deepened during one of the events, suggesting that organisms did not merely move in concert with the thermocline oscillation, but that sharks instead might have responded actively. Measurements of vertical currents and shark's depth change during one of the NLIW events indicate that with downward currents (sinking of the thermocline), the sharks tend to react passively. However, in response to the fastest upward currents, sharks appeared to swim down, supporting an active response in the rising phase of the wave. NLIW and other high-frequency processes can have a profound influence on the distribution of pelagic organisms, yet their ecological consequences remain largely unaccounted for.

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“…Pelagic trawls like the IYGPT have coarse meshes at the front through which an unknown fraction of mesopelagic organisms may escape (Kaartvedt et al, 2012). Highly mobile micronekton such as cephalopods and fishes may show avoidance reactions to nets which may…”

Section: Sampling Biases and Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…lead to discrepancies between net-based and acoustic estimates (Reid, 1991;Kaartvedt et al, 2012). Organisms with fragile bodies, such as gelatinous plankton, may break apart, biasing final abundance/biomass estimates (Domokos et al, 2010;Rogers et al, 2017;Proud et al, 2018).…”

Section: Sampling Biases and Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronekton distributions and assemblages at two shallow seamounts of the south-western Indian Ocean: Insights from acoustics and mesopelagic trawl data

Annasawmy

Ternon

Cotel

et al. 2019

Progress in Oceanography

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Micronekton distributions and assemblages were investigated at two shallow seamounts of the southwestern Indian Ocean using a combination of trawl data and multi-frequency acoustic visualisation techniques. La Pérouse (∼60 m) seamount is located on the outskirts of the oligotrophic Indian South Subtropical Gyre province with weak mesoscale activities and low primary productivity all year round. The "MAD-Ridge" seamount (thus termed in this study; ∼240 m) is located in the productive East African Coastal (EAFR) province with high mesoscale activities to the south of Madagascar. This resulted in higher micronekton species richness at MAD-Ridge compared to La Pérouse. Resulting productivity at MAD-Ridge seamount was likely due to the action of mesoscale eddies advecting larvae and productivity from the Madagascar shelf rather than local dynamic processes such as Taylor column formation. Mean micronekton abundance/biomass, as estimated from mesopelagic trawl catches, were lower over the summit compared to the vicinity of the seamounts, due to net selectivity and catchability and depth gradient on micronekton assemblages. Mean acoustic densities in the night shallow scattering layer (SSL: 10-200 m) over the summit were not significantly different compared to the vicinity (within 14 nautical miles) of MAD-Ridge. At La Pérouse and MAD-Ridge, the night and day SSL were dominated by common diel vertical migrant and non-migrant micronekton species respectively. While seamount-associated mesopelagic fishes such as Diaphus suborbitalis (La Pérouse and MAD-Ridge) and Benthosema fibulatum performed diel vertical migrations (DVM) along the seamounts' flanks, seamount-resident benthopelagic fishes, including Cookeolus japonicus (MAD-Ridge), were aggregated over MAD-Ridge summit both during the day and night. Before sunrise, mid-water migrants initiated the first vertical Highlights ► MAD-Ridge seamount is located in a productive region with significant mesoscale activities compared to La Pérouse seamount. ► Micronekton species richness were greater at MAD-Ridge compared to La Pérouse. ► The shallow scattering layer (10-200 m) during the night and day were dominated by common vertically migrating and non-migrating micronekton taxa ► Seamount-associated/resident species occurred in dense aggregations close to the summit and flanks of both La Pérouse and MAD-Ridge seamounts.

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Internal wave-mediated shading causes frequent vertical migrations in fishes

Abstract: Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherPelagic and demersal fishes undertake vertical migrations in response to internal waves, as these cause changes in light penetration through the turbid surface layer of the sea.

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Synchronous and vertically undulating swimming behaviour of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Synchronous and vertically undulating swimming behaviour of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Response of small sharks to nonlinear internal waves

Micronekton distributions and assemblages at two shallow seamounts of the south-western Indian Ocean: Insights from acoustics and mesopelagic trawl data

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