Internal vascular channel architecture in human auditory ossicles

Manoharan, S; Gray, R. F.; Hamilton, John; Mason, Matthew J.

doi:10.1111/joa.13661

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Another factor that may also play a role in the degenerative abnormalities we found in our cases may be explained by changes to the blood supply to the ossicular chain. Manoharan et al 25 demonstrated that the distribution of blood flow is different in the malleus, incus, and stapes. As a known cause of peripheral vascular disease, it is possible that DM might also result in ischemic lesion to the ossicles and the ossicular joints contributing to these changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Ear Ossicular Joint Changes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Histopathological Study

Shimura,

Keskin Yilmaz,

Rajan

et al. 2024

The Laryngoscope

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ObjectivesAlthough previous research has indicated inner ear changes in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, no prior study has explored the middle ear, particularly the ossicles and their joints, in DM patients. This study aimed to investigate whether type 2 DM is associated with middle ear changes, specifically affecting the ossicular chain and joints.MethodsThis study included 47 ears from 25 patients with DM (male = 13, female = 12, age: 51.0 ± 20.5) and age‐ and sex‐matched controls (male = 10, female = 10, age: 54.8 ± 15.9) (sex; p = 1.000, Age; p = 0.991). Otopathological evaluations of the auditory ossicles and incudomalleolar joint (IMJ) were performed using light microscopy.ResultsIn the IMJ of DM cases, malleus hyalinized cartilage (Malleus hC) and incus hyalinized cartilage (Incus hC) were significantly increased compared with control cases (Malleus hC; DM, 34.17 ± 9.71 μm vs. control 21.96 ± 4.16 μm, p < 0.001) (Incus hC; DM 35.11 ± 10.12 μm vs. control 22.42 ± 4.368 μm, p < 0.001). In addition, bone‐line distance was significantly longer than in DM cases than control cases (DM 266.72 ± 59.11 μm vs. control 239.81 ± 35.56 μm p = 0.040). On the other hand, joint discus distance was longer in the control group than in DM cases (DM 96.84 ± 36.80 μm vs. Control 113.63 ± 23.81 μm, p = 0.001).ConclusionsThis study reveals a notable increase in the hyalinized cartilage layer and bone‐line distance accompanied by reducing joint discus distance within the IMJ in DM cases. These findings suggest that DM may influence microjoints, such as the IMJ, and potentially impact auditory function.Evidence LevelN/A Laryngoscope, 2024

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Ear Ossicular Joint Changes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Histopathological Study

Shimura,

Keskin Yilmaz,

Rajan

et al. 2024

The Laryngoscope

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“…We visually examined the vasculature in the 3D renderings. Based on the classi cation of vessels provided by Manoharan et al 24 , samples 1 and 2 appear to have a normal range of vascular channels. In contrast, sample 3 has a below-average number of vessels.…”

Section: Volume and Porosity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Bone Density Pattern and Porosity in the Human Ossicular Chain using Synchrotron Microtomography

Ivanovic,

Schalbetter,

Schmeltz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The auditory ossicles amplify and transmit sound from the environment to the inner ear. The distribution of bone mineral density is crucial for the proper functioning of sound transmission as the ossicles are suspended in an air-filled chamber. However, little is known about the distribution of bone mineral density along the human ossicular chain and within individual ossicles. To investigate this, we analyzed fresh-frozen human specimens using synchrotron-based phase-contrast microtomography. In addition, we analyzed the volume and porosity of the ossicles. The porosity for the auditory ossicles lies, on average, between 1.92% and 9.85%. The average volume for the mallei is 13.85 ± 2.15 mm3, for the incudes 17.62 ± 4.05 mm3 and 1.24 ± 0.29 mm3 for the stapedes. The bone density distribution showed a similar pattern through all samples. In particular, we found high bone mineralization spots on the anterior crus of the stapes, its footplate, and along areas that are crucial for the transmission of sound. We could also see a correlation between low bone mineral density and holey areas where the bone is only very thin or missing. Our study identified a similar pattern of bone density distribution within all samples: regions exposed to lower forces generally show higher bone density. Further, we observed that the stapes shows high bone mineral density along the anterior crus and its footplate, which may indicate its importance in transmitting sound waves to the inner ear.

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