Internal stresses in austenitic steels cathodically charged with hydrogen

Rozenak, P.; Zevin, L.; Eliezer, D.

doi:10.1007/bf00725432

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…''A significant feature of the results is that decreasing the prior austenite grain size increases the mechanical properties and the resistance of AISI-type 316, 321 and 347 steels to hydrogen embrittlement.'' [9]. However, a well-founded explanation for this result is not provided.…”

Section: Influence Of Grain Sizementioning

confidence: 47%

“…This experimental approach implies that the results of tensile testing should primarily reflect the influence of grain size on hydrogen environment embrittlement. Clear evidence for a positive effect of a small grain size was reported by Rozenak and Eliezer [9], who investigated the grain size dependence of hydrogen embrittlement of AISI 316, 321 and 347 austenitic steel. These authors found increasing ductility in terms of elongation at fracture with decreasing grain size.…”

Section: Influence Of Grain Sizementioning

confidence: 90%

“…In this way, ultra fine-grained microstructures can be obtained. The susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of an austenitic steel of a given chemical composition is known to be a function of production and processing [9]. Influence of heat treatment and resulting microstructure on susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement was also reported for ferritic pipeline steels [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Impact of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen gas

2012

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Hydrogen environment embrittlement of metastable austenitic stainless steels is a well-known phenomenon partially related to the formation of straininduced martensite. In the literature, hydrogen environment embrittlement is often discussed on the basis of nominal chemical compositions only and neglects effects of metallurgical production and processing. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the d-ferrite volume fraction and grain size on the mechanical properties of a standard grade 1.4307 (AISI 304L) tested in high-pressure hydrogen gas. A negligible influence was found for dferrite volume fractions between 2 and 10 %. This result is explained by the dominating influence of machininginduced a-martensite on the surface of the tensile samples. In contrast, the grain size was found to have a significant effect on hydrogen environment embrittlement. In particular, grain sizes smaller than 50 lm were found to have a higher ductility. The results are discussed with respect to stacking fault energy, formation of strain-induced a-martensite, trapping of hydrogen and microsegregations. The results are of particular interest for the materials selection and development of materials for hydrogen applications.

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Section: Influence Of Grain Sizementioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Influence Of Grain Sizementioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Impact of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen gas

2012

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“…Measurements were carried out up to a temperature of 873 K (600°C) at a heating rate of 0.33 K/s. A number of studies [13][14][15][16][17][18] reported that austenitic stainless steels underwent surface cracking and martensitic phase transformations due to the cathodic charging under high current densities, which were one or two orders of magnitude larger than the present case. To confirm the presence or absence of the microstructural damage in the present charging condition, the specimen surface was electrochemically etched.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Visualization of Hydrogen Diffusion in a Hydrogen-Enhanced Fatigue Crack Growth in Type 304 Stainless Steel

Matsunaga

Noda²

2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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To study the influence of hydrogen on the fatigue strength of AISI type 304 metastable austenitic stainless steel, specimens were cathodically charged with hydrogen. Using tensioncompression fatigue tests, the behavior of fatigue crack growth from a small drill hole in the hydrogen-charged specimen was compared with that of noncharged specimen. Hydrogen charging led to a marked increase in the crack growth rate. Typical characteristics of hydrogen effect were observed in the slip band morphology and fatigue striation. To elucidate the behavior of hydrogen diffusion microscopically in the fatigue process, the hydrogen emission from the specimens was visualized using the hydrogen microprint technique (HMT). In the hydrogen-charged specimen, hydrogen emissions were mainly observed in the vicinity of the fatigue crack. Comparison between the HMT image and the etched microstructure image revealed that the slip bands worked as a pathway for hydrogen to move preferentially. Hydrogencharging resulted in a significant change in the phase transformation behavior in the fatigue process. In the noncharged specimen, a massive type a¢ martensite was observed in the vicinity of the fatigue crack. On the other hand, in the hydrogen-charged specimen, large amounts of e martensite and a smaller amount of a¢ martensite were observed along the slip bands. The results indicated that solute hydrogen facilitated the e martensitic transformation in the fatigue process. Comparison between the results of HMT and EBSD inferred that martensitic transformations as well as plastic deformation itself can enhance the mobility of hydrogen.

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“…The penetration of hydrogen into an austenitic matrix was found to cause nonuniform expansion of the lattice and great internal stresses (Rozenak, Zevin & Eliezer, 1982). The stresses induce a phase transition of 7-austenite to h.c.p.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative X-ray phase analysis of surface layers

Zevin¹,

Rozenak²,

Eliezer³

1984

J Appl Cryst

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The proposed method is aimed at the analysis of phase distribution in thin surface layers comparable to the penetration depth of X-rays. The phase distribution is modelled mathematically and the parameters of the distribution are evaluated from diffraction data taken for various peaks and with various radiations. The method was applied to the analysis of austenite distribution in cathodically charged stainless steel.

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Internal stresses in austenitic steels cathodically charged with hydrogen

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Impact of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen gas

Impact of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen gas

Visualization of Hydrogen Diffusion in a Hydrogen-Enhanced Fatigue Crack Growth in Type 304 Stainless Steel

Quantitative X-ray phase analysis of surface layers

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