Internal limiting membrane ablation in pig eyes with the Er:YAG laser under perfluorodecalin

Janknecht, P.; Feltgen, Nicolas; Wesendahl, Thomas A.; Wiek, Jutta; Eissner, B.; Ott, Beat; Staubach, Flemming; Frenz, Martin

doi:10.1007/s004170100343

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Principal limitations in the ablation precision achievable with free-running Er:YAG-laser pulses arise from the fact that the laser pulse duration (400 microseconds in this study) is considerably longer than the time required for heat diffusion out of the layer in which the laser energy is absorbed [37]. Even through the optical penetration depth at such radiant exposures is only about 1 mm, thermal diffusion results in heating of a thicker layer [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…D'Amico [21] and associates created full thickness retinal defects in enucleated rabbit eyes using 20 additive pulses and a radiant exposure of 3.6 J/cm 2 . Recently, it was shown that the Er:YAG laser in combination with perfluorocarbon liquid produced precise ablation of pig retina concluding that this technique provides safe removal of epiretinal membranes [22,37,38]. Perfluorocarbon liquid was used, because it served as an excellent transmitting agent for infrared radiation [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Use of PFCL avoids, furthermore, the cavitation effects which are otherwise produced by the light absorption in aqueous fluids at the fiber tip [33,36]. Experimental studies in porcine eyes have already proven that PFCL allow for an improved ablation of epiretinal membranes [22,37,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoablation of inner limiting membrane and inner retinal layers using the Erbium:YAG‐laser: An in vitro study

Hoerauf¹,

Brix²,

Winkler³

et al. 2005

Lasers Surg Med

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Background and Objectives: To explore the potential of Er:YAG-laser irradiation for precise and tractionless retinal tissue and inner limiting membrane ablation. Materials and Methods: We used free-running Er:YAGlaser irradiation (l ¼ 2.94 mm) transmitted either through a 10 cm long low-OH-quartz fiber or a 2 m long sapphire fiber that produced a more homogenous light distribution at the fiber tip. Retinal ablation in porcine retinal explants was performed under air or perfluorodecaline (PFD). Ablation depth was evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and from histologic sections. Results: A radiant exposure of 5.0 J/cm 2 delivered through a low-OH-quartz fiber and PFD caused a complete transsection of the neurosensory retina. Radiant exposures between 3.5 and 2.0 J/cm 2 resulted in marked variations of ablation depth and adjacent thermal damage. By contrast, laser pulses of 4.0 and 3.0 J/cm 2 transmitted through the sapphire fiber produced more homogenous defect patterns and less thermal damage. Close to the ablation threshold, with 1.0-2.0 J/cm 2 , ablation was limited to a 10-20 mm thin layer of the neural retina. Conclusions: We achieved in vitro ablation of inner retinal layers, but could not produce selective and reproducible ILM removal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoablation of inner limiting membrane and inner retinal layers using the Erbium:YAG‐laser: An in vitro study

Hoerauf¹,

Brix²,

Winkler³

et al. 2005

Lasers Surg Med

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“…Alternative methods to circumvent the restricted viral transduction imposed by the ILM in primates have been suggested including enzymatic digestion of the ILM with a nonspecific protease (Dalkara et al 2009; Zhang, Tuffy, et al 2021), photodisruption (Peynshaert et al 2022; Janknecht et al 2001) or sub-ILM injection (Boye et al 2016). Enzymatic digestion has the advantage of not requiring surgery, but this has not been attempted in NHPs where the ILM is thicker than in small animal models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inner limiting Membrane Peel ExtendsIn vivoCalcium Imaging of Retinal Ganglion Cell Activity Beyond the Fovea in Non-Human Primate

Baez,

LaPorta,

Walker

et al. 2024

Preprint

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High resolution retinal imaging paired with intravitreal injection of a viral vector coding for the calcium indicator GCaMP has enabled visualization of activity dependent calcium changes in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) at single cell resolution in the living eye. The inner limiting membrane (ILM) is a barrier for viral vectors, restricting transduction to a ring of RGCs serving the fovea in both humans and non-human primates (NHP). We evaluate peeling the ILM prior to intravitreal injection as a strategy to expand calcium imaging beyond the fovea in the NHP eye in vivo. Five Macaca fascicularis eyes (age 3-10y; n=3 individuals; 2M, 1F) underwent vitrectomy and 5 to 6-disc diameter ILM peel centered on the fovea prior to intravitreal delivery of 7m8:SNCG:GCaMP8s. Calcium responses from RGCs were recorded using a fluorescence adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope. In all eyes GCaMP was expressed throughout the peeled area, representing a mean 8-fold enlargement in area of expression relative to a control eye. Calcium recordings were obtained up to 11 degrees from the foveal center. RGC responses were comparable to the fellow control eye and showed no significant decrease over the 6 months post ILM peel, suggesting that RGC function was not compromised by the surgical procedure. In addition, we demonstrate that activity can be recorded directly from the retinal nerve fiber layer. This approach will be valuable for a range of applications in visual neuroscience including pre-clinical evaluation of retinal function, detecting vision loss, and assessing the impact of therapeutic interventions.Significance StatementThis research presents a groundbreaking advancement in visual neuroscience through the development of a novel technique involving the peeling of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) in conjunction with intravitreal injection to expand functional recording capabilities in the living primate eye. By utilizing high-resolution retinal imaging coupled with a viral vector-mediated expression of the calcium indicator GCaMP, the study achieves unprecedented visualization and assessment of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) activity at single-cell resolution. Importantly, the technique enables recording from regions of the retina previously inaccessible, significantly broadening the area for calcium imaging beyond the fovea. The results demonstrate stable RGC function post-procedure, suggesting minimal impact on retinal physiology. This innovative approach holds significant promise for diverse applications in visual neuroscience, including pre-clinical evaluation of retinal function, detection of vision loss, and evaluation of therapeutic interventions. Overall, the study represents a major step forward in understanding and potentially treating retinal degenerative disorders, offering new avenues for research and development in vision restoration.

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Retinale Photoablation mit dem Erbium:YAG-Laser

Hoerauf¹,

Brix²,

Scholz

et al. 2003

Der Ophthalmologe

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Internal limiting membrane ablation in pig eyes with the Er:YAG laser under perfluorodecalin

Abstract: Removal of the ILM by Er:YAG laser is possible in vivo. However, the variability of the laser effects calls for further improvement such as a reliable indicator of ablation depth. In any case, any damage to the retina was lesser than that produced by microforceps.

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Photoablation of inner limiting membrane and inner retinal layers using the Erbium:YAG‐laser: An in vitro study

Photoablation of inner limiting membrane and inner retinal layers using the Erbium:YAG‐laser: An in vitro study

Inner limiting Membrane Peel ExtendsIn vivoCalcium Imaging of Retinal Ganglion Cell Activity Beyond the Fovea in Non-Human Primate

Retinale Photoablation mit dem Erbium:YAG-Laser

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