Internal Jugular Vein Fenestration and Duplication: Anatomical Findings, Prevalence, and Literature Review

Wang, Xiqian; Peng, Liwei; Guo, Haixing; Hernesniemi, Juha; Xiong, Xiaolin; Andrade-Barazarte, Hugo; Ran, Qian

doi:10.3389/fsurg.2020.593367

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…IJV duplication is a rare anatomical variation with an estimated reported prevalence of ~0.4% [ 5 ]. When it occurs, the anterior segment usually lies anterior to the SCM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IJV duplication is an anatomical variation that occurs when the vein bifurcates into two segments, separately draining into the SV, forming a reversed-Y pattern [ 4 ]. To date, IJV duplication has been reported in 21 patients [ 5–7 ]. The important relation to the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) has been described in previous cases [ 8–10 ]; however, we report a case of a rare IJV duplication that implicates the common carotid artery between the two IJV trunks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internal jugular vein duplication: clinical significance for head and neck cancer ablative and reconstructive surgery

Hedayat

Lauder

Kyzas

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

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We present the case of a 75-year-old patient with a T2N0Mo oral cancer, who underwent surgery for cancer ablation and reconstruction. Intraoperatively, a duplicate internal jugular vein (IJV) was identified. Both segments were preserved. The veins of the free radial forearm flap that was used to reconstruct the defect were anastomosed to tributaries of the anterior IJV segment. In this rare anatomical variation, the anterior segment of IJV lies medially/anteriorly to the sternocleidomastoid muscle which poses a risk of inadvertent injury during the early steps of the neck dissection (ND). The posterior segment is at risk of injury during developing levels II–III–IV of ND. It is important to preserve the anterior IJV segment as this receives all tributaries that can be used for end-to-end anastomosis for the free flap. Preoperative contrast computed tomography scan can aid in recognition of IJV duplication and help prepare the surgeon to adjust certain operative steps.

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“…IJV duplication is a rare anatomical variation with an estimated reported prevalence of ~0.4% [ 5 ]. When it occurs, the anterior segment usually lies anterior to the SCM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal jugular vein duplication: clinical significance for head and neck cancer ablative and reconstructive surgery

Hedayat

Lauder

Kyzas

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

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“…The terms duplication, bifurcation, and fenestrations are often confused. A duplication is defined as a split in the IJV, with each branch having its own attachment to the subclavian vein [33,132]. If the IJV splits at or superior to the omohyoid muscle, that is considered a bifurcation [83].…”

Section: Duplicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical review of internal jugular vein cannulation

et al. 2024

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“…Prades et al reported three cases of IJV malformation (duplication or fenestration) in 750 neck dissection cases with a prevalence of 0.4% [ 2 ]. In the fenestration variant, the SAN was commonly found passing through the window [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Jugular Vein Fenestration: An Intraoperative Finding Without a Radiological Clue

Aladham¹,

Momin²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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A comprehensive understanding of the anatomical variations of the internal jugular vein (IJV) is essential to prevent inadvertent injuries during neck procedures, particularly neck dissection. In addition, its relationship with the spinal accessory nerve in the upper part of the neck is relatively variable. IJV fenestration refers to bifurcation of the vein with reunion proximal to the subclavian vein, whereas IJV duplication refers to continued branching till joining the subclavian vein separately. We report a case of a fenestrated IJV identified intraoperatively with the spinal accessory nerve passing laterally to both divisions.

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Internal Jugular Vein Fenestration and Duplication: Anatomical Findings, Prevalence, and Literature Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Internal jugular vein duplication: clinical significance for head and neck cancer ablative and reconstructive surgery

Internal jugular vein duplication: clinical significance for head and neck cancer ablative and reconstructive surgery

Anatomical review of internal jugular vein cannulation

Internal Jugular Vein Fenestration: An Intraoperative Finding Without a Radiological Clue

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