Internal flow effects in OTEC cold water pipe: Finite element modelling in frequency and time domain approaches

Habib, Muhammad Iqbal; Adiputra, Ristiyanto; Prabowo, Aditya Rio; Erwandi, Erwandi; Muhayat, Nurul; Yasunaga, Takeshi; Ehlers, Sören; Braun, Moritz

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116056

Ocean Engineering

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116056

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Internal flow effects in OTEC cold water pipe: Finite element modelling in frequency and time domain approaches

Muhammad Iqbal Habib,

Ristiyanto Adiputra,

Aditya Rio Prabowo

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

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References 27 publications

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“…The research on dynamic stability was initially conducted by investigating the dynamics component of CWP motion due to IFE [9] and then improved by solving the general equations in the frequency domain utilizing Power Series Expansion [10] and in the time domain by the Galerkin Method [11]. The analysis was then advanced by introducing finite element modeling (FEM) to assess the CWP responses in the frequency domain [12] and also in the time domain [13]. In the case of CWP structural reliability, nonlinear assessments under bending loads [14] and parametric design following the finite element approach [15] were conducted.…”

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System Parameters Sensitivity Analysis of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

Rasgianti,

Adiputra,

Nugraha

et al. 2024

Emerg Sci J

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Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a technology to harvest the solar energy stored in the ocean by utilizing the temperature difference between warm surface and cold deep seawater. Considering that the OTEC system works in a low-temperature range, the present paper assessed the technical resources comprehensively by acquiring in-situ thermocline data and conducting a sensitivity analysis of the system parameters. The in-situ temperature profile data were measured in the waters of North Bali, Indonesia. The temperature gradient data based on field measurements were then compared with the HYCOM consortium model. The data were then used as input in the OTEC power and efficiency estimation through a single-stage ranking cycle. The analysis was conducted by varying the type of working fluid, the performance of the heat exchanger, and the location to investigate how the system parameters influenced the power produced. Using an unusual combination of parameters made it difficult to analyze the resulting data multiple times. However, with reference-based analysis and the formulation of calculations, the sensitivity of each parameter could be assessed at both locations. As a result, the ammonia working fluid provided the highest net power output of the system but had the lowest efficiency of all working fluids. The heat exchanger performance in terms of net power and efficiency cannot be separated from the seawater mass flow requirement. This referred to the results where the heat exchanger with a temperature difference of 3°C before and after the seawater passed through the heat exchanger and produced the highest net power and efficiency. Additionally, the net power output reached its convergence level at a water depth of 400m for the Bungkulan site and 450m for Celukan Bawang, which was proportional to the thermocline tendency. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-04 Full Text: PDF

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System Parameters Sensitivity Analysis of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

Rasgianti,

Adiputra,

Nugraha

et al. 2024

Emerg Sci J

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Design optimization of stiffening system for ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) cold water pipe (CWP)

Rasgianti,

Adiputra,

Nugraha

et al. 2024

Results in Engineering

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A study of the temperature distribution in the OTEC cold water pipe using a heat and mass transfer approach

Firmansyah,

Mukthasor,

Satrio

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The difference between sea water temperature at a depth of around 1000 m and sea water temperature at sea level is generally used as a parameter in the design of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC). In practice, electricity generation is determined by the difference between the temperature of the cold seawater coming out of the Cold Water Pipe (CWP) and the temperature of the seawater at the surface. The temperature of cold sea water increases due to heat transfer experienced by cold sea water flowing through the CWP, which comes into contact with surrounding sea water which has a higher temperature. This in turn provides a lower actual temperature difference, and therefore reduces the design power capacity. However, many previous studies did not consider these lower temperature differences. This may be acceptable for cases with practically small heat transfer such as CWP with low thermal conductivity combined with good insulation used in 1000 m CWP vertical floating systems. Unfortunately, this may not be the case for many of OTEC’s proposed alternative sites, which are located on land systems that require CWP lengths of five km or more. This raises the need for careful investigation to determine the temperature of the sea water coming out of the CWP, where it is necessary to calculate the temperature distribution of the cold sea water flowing through the CWP. This paper aims to estimate the temperature distribution of cold sea water flowing through the CWP and the increase in temperature of cold sea water leaving the CWP. Analysis based on the principles of mass and heat transfer was carried out in this research, where modelling was carried out numerically using a finite volume approach. For the case considered, the change in sea water temperature at CWP from depth to the surface occurs 1-3°C, which is the accumulation of each change in sea water depth. The results of this research illustrate that designing an OTEC system with a long CWP must consider the temperature distribution of cold sea water flowing through the CWP to produce a more realistic design.

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Internal flow effects in OTEC cold water pipe: Finite element modelling in frequency and time domain approaches

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

System Parameters Sensitivity Analysis of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

System Parameters Sensitivity Analysis of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

Design optimization of stiffening system for ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) cold water pipe (CWP)

A study of the temperature distribution in the OTEC cold water pipe using a heat and mass transfer approach

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