Internal Fixation: a Historical Review

Greenhagen, Robert M.; Johnson, Adam R.; Joseph, Alison

doi:10.1016/j.cpm.2011.06.006

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The drilling of human crania for suspension and display is known from pre-hispanic Peru (Andrushko, 2011), but again relates to trophy-taking rather than to funerary practice. What would appear to be the closest parallel to the Canada Farm examples was noticed when an Egyptian mummy was examined radiographically in 1995 (Greenhagen et al, 2011). The mummy was discovered in the sarcophagus of a New Kingdom priest named as Usermontu, although it would appear that the sarcophagus had later been reused and the actual identity of the mummy is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holding on to the past: Southern British evidence for mummification and retention of the dead in the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age

Smith

Allen²,

Delbarre

et al. 2016

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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Recent treatments of burial practices in prehistoric Europe have tended to emphasise the variety of practices that are apparent in any given period; contra previous views which tended to emphasise homogeneity over time. In the spirit of more recent considerations that emphasise a more holistic approach, the current article presents investigations of human remains interred within and around a single monument at Cranborne Chase, Dorset, UK. By taking a synthetic approach giving equal weight to taphonomy, archaeothanatology, histological analysis, scanning electron microscopy, micro-CT scanning, experimentation and contextual dating, a more nuanced picture has been revealed, where the dead were dealt with in ways that were both more complex and considerably more protracted than might otherwise be assumed. In particular, several lines of evidence point to practices aimed at the protracted curation of the dead as articulated bodies with at least some soft tissue persisting. This observation is of particular importance in light of previously published claims for 'mummification' in Bronze Age Britain. It suggests that such practices may have been both widespread and persistent over time. Introduction Traces of a MonumentCranborne Chase is an area of open chalk downland situated in central southern England with a rich and varied selection of well-preserved prehistoric remains and a long history of archaeological study. An area encapsulated by two modern farms, Down Farm and adjacent Canada Farm (Fig. 1b) is among the most comprehensively investigated parts of the landscape, containing a broad range of monuments, burials and occupation evidence stretching from the Mesolithic to the Romano-British period and beyond (Barrett et al. 1991a,b;Green and Allen, 1997;Green 2000;French et al., 2007). During the early part of one of the author's (MG) fieldwalking surveys of the upper Allen valley in Cranborne Chase in 1972 the soil mark of a plough-flattened barrow was recorded on Canada Farm (Fig. 1). This feature lay approximately 20 metres north of the Dorset Cursus (the longest prehistoric monument in Britain at approximately 10km). In 2007 the featured was identified again by a fluxgate gradiometer survey (by PC) which revealed a section of the enclosing ditch and 2 additionally a large central anomaly interpreted as a possible grave pit (Fig 1c). Due to the continuing plough-induced erosion of the area a decision was made to excavate, with the resulting work taking place in 2009 and an interim report following in 2012 (Green, in Jones et al. 2012). The excavations uncovered two phases of ditch which partly impinged on one another. The first phase ditch consisted of a penannular ring with a diameter of 13 metres with a 4 metre wide gap to the west, partly filled by an elongated pit (F7). The ditch was about 1 metre wide with an average depth of 0.4 m. The inner ditch was also penannular in shape with a metre wide gap to the southwest and of a similar width -with an overall diameter of 11.5 metres. The surviving dept...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holding on to the past: Southern British evidence for mummification and retention of the dead in the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age

Smith

Allen²,

Delbarre

et al. 2016

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wires, pins and IM nails were the initial devices to be synthesised using these materials. Ivory and bone were found to have lower infection rates and non-unions and they were found to be reabsorable into the body 23 . Thus Nicholas Senn is considered to be the father of biodegradable implants because he prepared a hollow perforated intra-osseous splint using these materials 7 .…”

Section: Parameters 41choice Of Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus Nicholas Senn is considered to be the father of biodegradable implants because he prepared a hollow perforated intra-osseous splint using these materials 7 . Silver was also involved in fixation as wires and pins, its first use being reported in 1827 23 . The first plates were prepared of nickel-coated sheet steel, silver, brass, aluminium and vanadium steel.…”

Section: Parameters 41choice Of Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disadvantage of stainless steel includes the fatigue failure. Cobalt alloys have also been used for joint replacement 23 . The biggest disadvantages of metals are their corrosive behaviour 28 , extreme stiffness which causes stress shielding 54 and removal of implant after fracture healing 54 .…”

Section: Parameters 41choice Of Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A metal plate was used as an implant by Lane in 1895 ( Figure 1) 59,23 This subject was soon recognized by Lambotte in 1909 and he recommended a robust alternative of curving of plates ( Figure 2) for curved bones along with a tapered, fully threaded screw which now a days is recognised as cortical screw. In 2010, Wullschleger illustrated in his thesis that Lambotte coined the term for -osteosynthesis‖ and brought forward the concept of splinting.…”

Section: Plates For Internal Fixation Of Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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