Internal elastic membrane in the internal mammary and left anterior descending coronary arteries and its relationship to intimal thickening

Svendsen, Einar; Dregelid, Einar; Eide, Geir Egil

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(90)90169-j

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Indeed, an early and succint overview of arterial GAGs indicates that some variations in composition do seem to exist, 25 and similar anatomic differences have been observed in relation to the distribution of other components of the extracellular matrix, such as collagen and elastin, 15 -26 which intimately associate with GAGs. 27 -28 Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine whether an eventual anatomic heterogeneity of arterial GAGs might be a factor contributing to the differential topographic distribution of atherosclerotic lesions.…”

Section: ;1:115-124)mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…3 -3 In fact, studies with experimental animals have demonstrated that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) metabolism, 11 endothelial permeability to LDL, 12 the glycoprotein coating of endothelial cells, 13 and the activity of acid cholesterol esterase 14 vary among vessels, and this variation could be related to differences in atherosclerosis susceptibility. A further aspect of arterial constitution that has been correlated with regional differences in the incidence of atherosclerosis is the degree of folding of the internal elastic membrane in humans, 15 which somehow reflects the amount of elastin in the vessel wall.…”

Section: ;1:115-124)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycosaminoglycan fractions from human arteries presenting diverse susceptibilities to atherosclerosis have different binding affinities to plasma LDL.

Cardoso

Mourāo

1994

Arterioscler Thromb

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The topographic distribution of atherosclerotic lesions is influenced by biochemical factors intrinsic to the arterial wall. In the present work we have investigated whether the composition/chemical structure of glycosaminoglycans constitutes one of these factors. Normal human arteries were obtained at necropsy, and in order of decreasing susceptibility to atherosclerosis, consisted of the abdominal and thoracic aortas and the iliac and pulmonary arteries. The results showed similar concentrations of total glycosaminoglycan and collagen. Of the glycosaminoglycans known to interact with low-density lipoprotein (LDL), dermatan sulfate was present in all arteries in comparable concentrations, but the aortas had a 30% higher content of chondroitin 4/6-sulfate, which in turn was slightly enriched in 6-sulfated disaccharide units. LDLaffinity chromatography with dermatan sulfate+chondroitin 4/6-sulfate fractions demonstrated that increasing affinity to LDL matched an increasing susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Analysis of glycosaminoglycans in the eluates indicated a positive correlation between affinity to LDL and increasing molecular weight and the existence of a fraction of glycosaminoglycans of high affinity to LDL in the aortas only. These results suggest that arterial glycosaminoglycans participate in the multifactorial mechanisms that modulate the differential localization of atherosclerotic lesions. 1 However, factors intrinsic to the arterial bed and its bloodcarrying functions also influence the occurrence of lesions. The primary evidence came from morphological study of necropsy material, which demonstrated that the incidence and/or severity of atherosclerotic lesions differed as a function of anatomic location.2 -3 Additionally, these studies revealed that in affected arteries, lesions tended to be located at critical sites, such as the entrances of vessels and flow dividers, where the effects of fluid turbulence would be more pronounced. Experimental physiological investigations have supported these findings 68 and have shown that the shear force due to blood circulation, chiefly at arterial pressures, is an important cause of endothelial dysfunction at these sites. 9 Still, arterial geometry and pressure are not sufficient to explain the localization of lesions, since major areas of high risk for atherosclerosis also occur away from the ostia and bifurcations 10 and some arteries subjected to normal arterial blood pressure are little affected by atherosclerosis. and the activity of acid cholesterol esterase 14 vary among vessels, and this variation could be related to differences in atherosclerosis susceptibility. A further aspect of arterial constitution that has been correlated with regional differences in the incidence of atherosclerosis is the degree of folding of the internal elastic membrane in humans, 15 which somehow reflects the amount of elastin in the vessel wall.Taken together, the results of these mostly recent studies show that focal metabolic and biochemical factors inherent in...

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Section: ;1:115-124)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: ;1:115-124)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosaminoglycan fractions from human arteries presenting diverse susceptibilities to atherosclerosis have different binding affinities to plasma LDL.

Cardoso

Mourāo

1994

Arterioscler Thromb

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“…10 -21 In contrast, mammary arteries have thin intima and the thickening was not found before 21 years of age. 11,[21][22][23] Although not a lesion itself, the tick intima is believed to be a prerequisite for lesion formation. 24 -26 Despite the obvious importance of the composition of the blood vessels, there has not been a comprehensive analysis to define the differences in the makeup of different arteries.…”

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confidence: 99%

Suppression Subtractive Hybridization Identifies Distinctive Expression Markers for Coronary and Internal Mammary Arteries

Qin

Zeng

Zheng

et al. 2003

ATVB

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Objective-We sought to identify differentially expressed genes in the athero-prone coronary artery and athero-resistant internal mammary arteries. Methods and Results-Using suppressive subtraction hybridization, we generated reciprocal cDNA collections of representative mRNAs specific to porcine coronary arteries versus porcine mammary arteries. We screened 1000 suppressive subtraction hybridization cDNA clones by dot blot array and sequenced 600 of those showing the most marked expression differences. Northern blot, in situ hybridization, and immunostaining confirmed the differential gene expression patterns identified by the dot blot arrays. Genes associated with mammary arteries included claudin-10 and h-cadherin, which are genes associated with tight junctions and intermediate junctions. In contrast, genes associated with proatherosclerotic processes, such as lipid retention and metabolism, inflammation, and cell growth, were preferentially expressed in coronary arteries. Conclusions-Normal coronary arteries have gene expression program that is significantly different than internal mammary arteries. These differences may partly explain the resistance of coronary arteries and internal mammary arteries to atherosclerosis.

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“…Immersionand also pressure-fixed specimens from human left anterior descendant coronary arteries (LAD) and left internal mammary arteries (IMA) revealed a significantly lower degree of folding of the internal elastic membrane in LAD (1 9). The fenestrations in the IEL are larger in the LAD (16), and LAD develops far more intimal thickening or atherosclerosis than IMA (19). The degree of IEL folding has been expressed as a fold index which constitutes the ratio between the length of IEL and a calculated smooth luminal circumference based on the peripheral circumference and the area of the media (19).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The fenestrations in the IEL are larger in the LAD (16), and LAD develops far more intimal thickening or atherosclerosis than IMA (19). The degree of IEL folding has been expressed as a fold index which constitutes the ratio between the length of IEL and a calculated smooth luminal circumference based on the peripheral circumference and the area of the media (19). Significance has been ascribed to the relation between the fold index and intimal thickening, and both may be influenced by tangential intimal tension (19,23).…”

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confidence: 99%

The internal elastic lamina in the basilar artery and its possible significance for intimal thickening

Heldal

Svendsen

1991

APMIS

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Mzehle, B. 0. The internal elastic lamina in the basilar artery and its possible significance for intimal thickening. APMIS 99: 773-779, 1991.The degree of intimal thickening, folding of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) and luminal radius/wall thickness ratio (RWR) have been compared between predilectional sites and a non-predilectional site for atherosclerosis in human basilar arteries. The findings are compatible with the hypothesis that a low degree of folding and a high RWR facilitate intimal thickening. A negative correlation between the fold index and intimal thickening index and a positive correlation between RWR index and intimal thickening index were found. Predilectional areas also have lower fold indices and higher RWR in younger subjects prior to any intimal thickening development.

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Internal elastic membrane in the internal mammary and left anterior descending coronary arteries and its relationship to intimal thickening

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Glycosaminoglycan fractions from human arteries presenting diverse susceptibilities to atherosclerosis have different binding affinities to plasma LDL.

Glycosaminoglycan fractions from human arteries presenting diverse susceptibilities to atherosclerosis have different binding affinities to plasma LDL.

Suppression Subtractive Hybridization Identifies Distinctive Expression Markers for Coronary and Internal Mammary Arteries

The internal elastic lamina in the basilar artery and its possible significance for intimal thickening

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