Internal and External Threat in Relationship With Right‐Wing Attitudes

Onraet, Emma; Hiel, Alain Van; Dhont, Kristof; Pattyn, Sven

doi:10.1111/jopy.12011

Cited by 110 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…Vulnerable narcissism is linked to reactivity to self‐threats. Therefore, this dimension of narcissism might be positively (rather than negatively) associated with RWA, given that RWA tends to be associated with higher threat sensitivity (for overviews see Cichocka & Dhont, in press; Onraet, Van Hiel, Dhont, & Pattyn, ). Because similarly to narcissistic grandiosity, narcissistic vulnerability is associated with feelings of entitlement and self‐importance (Krizan & Herlache, in press), vulnerable narcissism might also predict higher SDO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Self–Love and Outgroup Hate: Opposite Effects of Narcissism on Prejudice via Social Dominance Orientation and Right–Wing Authoritarianism

2017

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Previous research has obtained mixed findings as to whether feelings of self‐worth are positively or negatively related to right‐wing ideological beliefs and prejudice. We propose to clarify the link between self‐worth and ideology by distinguishing between narcissistic and non‐narcissistic self‐evaluations as well as between different dimensions of ideological attitudes. Four studies, conducted in three different socio‐political contexts: the UK (Study 1, N = 422), the US (Studies 2 and 3, Ns = 471 and 289, respectively), and Poland (Study 4, N = 775), investigated the associations between narcissistic and non‐narcissistic self‐evaluations, social dominance orientation (SDO), right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA), and ethnic prejudice. Confirming our hypotheses, the results consistently showed that after controlling for self‐esteem, narcissistic self‐evaluation was positively associated with SDO (accounting for RWA), yet negatively associated with RWA (accounting for SDO). These associations were similar after controlling for psychopathy and Machiavellianism (Study 3) as well as collective narcissism and Big Five personality characteristics (Study 4). Studies 2–4 additionally demonstrated that narcissistic self‐evaluation was indirectly positively associated with prejudice through higher SDO (free of RWA) but indirectly negatively associated with prejudice through lower RWA (free of SDO). Implications for understanding the role of self‐evaluation in right‐wing ideological attitudes and prejudice are discussed. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Self–Love and Outgroup Hate: Opposite Effects of Narcissism on Prejudice via Social Dominance Orientation and Right–Wing Authoritarianism

2017

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“…Moreover, meta-analyses have corroborated the relationships between threat and right-wing attitudes, racial prejudice and negative outgroup attitudes (Jost, Glaser, Kruglanski, & Sulloway, 2003;Onraet, Van Hiel, Dhont, & Pattyn, 2011;Riek, Mania, & Gaertner, 2006).…”

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confidence: 88%

When threat to society becomes a threat to oneself: Implications for right‐wing attitudes and ethnic prejudice

Onraet

Hiel

2013

Int J Psychol

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The relationships between threat and right-wing attitudes and ethnic prejudice were investigated in a heterogeneous sample (N = 588). Specifically, we considered the perception of economic and terroristic threats in terms of their consequences at the societal and personal level. Previous studies revealed that societal consequences of threat, rather than personal consequences, are related to right-wing attitudes (e.g. Dallago & Roccato, 2010;Feldman & Stenner, 1997; Stevens, Bishin, & Barr, 2006). However, the present results challenge these findings. More specifically, three important results emerged. First, items probing into the distinct threat levels loaded on separate dimensions for both economic and terroristic threat, validating the distinction between societal and personal threat consequences. Second, consistent with previous research, this study revealed that perceived societal consequences of threat yield strong and robust relationships with all target variables. However, personal consequences of threat were also associated with higher levels of RWA, SDO, and ethnic prejudice in particular. Third, societal and personal consequences of threat interacted in explaining the target variables. More specifically, feeling personally threatened by terrorism was only related to higher levels of RWA in the presence of low levels of threat to society, whereas experiencing personal economic threat was only related to higher levels of SDO and ethnic prejudice when high societal economic threat was experienced. In sum, although the perception of societal consequences of threat plays a prominent role in explaining right-wing attitudes and ethnic prejudice, the perception of being personally affected by threat is also associated with higher levels of RWA and SDO, and especially ethnic prejudice.

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“…In an early fMRI study, Golby, Gabrieli, Chiao, and Eberhardt () observed greater activity in the fusiform gyrus in response to own‐race (vs. other‐race) faces, and the magnitude of this difference predicted subsequent advantages in terms of recognition memory for own‐race (vs. other‐race) faces (see also Malpass & Kravitz, ). Representations of race in the perceptual system are sensitive to visual information, such as skin tone and physiognomic features (Brosch et al., ; Gilbert et al., ; Ratner et al., ), as well as the goals and expectations of the perceiver (Amodio, 20110b; Gilbert et al., ; Kaul et al., ; Ofan et al., , ; Ratner & Amodio, ). In some ways, research on visual perception represents the newest frontier in the study of intergroup relations, and it provides yet another example of how neuroscience can offer unique insights when it comes to addressing long‐standing questions in social and political psychology.…”

Section: Racial Prejudice and Intergroup Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Neuroscience: The Beginning of a Beautiful Friendship

Jost¹,

Nam

Amodio³

et al. 2014

Political Psychology

121

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The emergence of political neuroscience-an interdisciplinary venture involving political science, psychology, and cognitive neuroscience-has piqued the interests of scholars as well as the mass public. In this chapter, we review evidence pertaining to four areas of inquiry that have generated most of the research in political neuroscience to date: (1) racial prejudice and intergroup relations; (2) the existence of partisan bias and motivated political cognition; (3) the nature of left-right differences in political orientation; and (4) the dimensional structure of political attitudes. Although these topics are well-known to political psychologists, the application of models and methods from neuroscience has renewed interest in each of them and yielded novel insights. There is reason to believe that many other areas of political psychology await similarly promising renewals and that innovative methods will continue to advance our understanding of the physiological processes involved in political cognition, evaluation, judgment, and behavior. We address limitations, criticisms, and potential pitfalls of existing work-including the "chicken-and-egg problem"-and propose an ambitious agenda for the next generation of research in political neuroscience.KEY WORDS: political neuroscience, racial prejudice, partisanship, ideology "It is evident that the state is a creation of nature, and that man is by nature a political animal." -AristotleOne of the most trenchant social and political psychologists of the twentieth century, William J. McGuire (1993), observed that the "politics and psychology relationship has been lively and Advances in Political Psychology, Vol. 35, Suppl. 1, 2014 doi: 10.1111 long-lasting as interdisciplinary affairs go, its longevity fostered by frequent shiftings of its popular topics, methods, and theories" (p. 363; see also Jost & Hardin, 2011). As in all sustainable relationships, psychology and political science have, for the most part, changed together rather than grown apart (e.g., see Huddy, Sears, & Levy, 2013;McGuire, 1993; Sears, Huddy, & Jervis, 2003). Perhaps it was inevitable, then, that political scientists would come to share psychologists' enthusiasm for the models and methods of neuroscience, including the use of electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other measures of the central and peripheral nervous system (e.g., Amodio, Jost, Master, & Yee, 2007;Carmen, 2007;Fowler & Schreiber, 2008;Schreiber et al., 2013;Smith, Oxley, Hibbing, Alford, & Hibbing, 2011b;Taber & Young, 2013;Theodoridis & Nelson, 2012). Political neuroscience is an interdisciplinary venture that tackles questions of mutual interest to political scientists and psychologists by drawing, at least in part, on the theories, methods, and assumptions of biology, especially neuroscience. The application of neuroscience to political topics offers a powerful set of research methods that promises to integrate multiple levels of analysis. As E. O. Wilson (1998) wrote in Consilience: The Unity of ...

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Internal and External Threat in Relationship With Right‐Wing Attitudes

Cited by 110 publications

References 95 publications

On Self–Love and Outgroup Hate: Opposite Effects of Narcissism on Prejudice via Social Dominance Orientation and Right–Wing Authoritarianism

On Self–Love and Outgroup Hate: Opposite Effects of Narcissism on Prejudice via Social Dominance Orientation and Right–Wing Authoritarianism

When threat to society becomes a threat to oneself: Implications for right‐wing attitudes and ethnic prejudice

Political Neuroscience: The Beginning of a Beautiful Friendship

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