Unique redox switching of orthoquinone-containing pentacyclic aromatic compounds with molecular hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of ap alladium nanoparticle catalyst (SAPd) is disclosed. These molecules were predicted by in silico screening before synthesis.E fficient protocols for the synthesis of orthoquinone-containing aromatic compounds by palladium-mediated homocoupling and the benzoin condensation reaction were developed. Clear switching between orthoquinone and aromatic hydroquinone compounds was observed on the basis of their photoluminescence properties. Furthermore,the twist strain of the orthoquinone moiety could induce dramatic changes in color and emission.Highly conjugated polyaromatic compounds have been widely applied in the development of fluorescent materials, semiconductor materials,o rganic electroluminescence devices,a nd organic solar-cell devices.F or this purpose,awide variety of polyaromatic organic compounds have been designed. Va rious switching technologies of the p-conjugated molecules have also been reported, such as photochromism, [1] thermochromism, [1] electrochromism, [2] piezochromism, [3] solvatochromism, [4] and halochromism, [5] as well as redoxmediated chromism induced by electricity [2] or chemical reagents.[6] Thekey issue for the design of molecules exhibiting redox switching is the introduction of functional groups that enable interconversion between the oxidized and reduced states (OFF and ON). We were convinced that aromatic compounds containing an orthoquinone moiety were interesting candidates for redox switching,b ecause the orthoquinone could be reduced to the corresponding hydroquinone,and the hydroquinone could also be quickly oxidized to the quinone (Scheme 1).[7] Thus,two different states of a pconjugated system could be produced by aredox reaction. For the establishment of ar edox system, usually oxidizing and reducing reagents,s uch as 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ), NaBH 4 ,and Na 2 S 2 O 3 ,are required.[6] However,t he side products derived from these reagents are potential problems for areversible redox system. Foraclean and reversible redox system, molecular hydrogen and oxygen would be ideal reagents.T hus,g aseous hydrogen could be used for the hydrogenation of the orthoquinone to the hydroquinone in the presence of ametal catalyst. In contrast, gaseous oxygen could be used for the oxidation of the hydroquinone to the orthoquinone. [8] In this proposed environmentally friendly redox system based on molecular hydrogen and oxygen, the main side product is removable water, and this system could be made reversible without purification. Furthermore,t his technology could possibly be applied to the development of photoluminescent materials that respond to switching between hydrogen and oxygen gas or to gas sensors for the detection of hydrogen and/or oxygen by the monitoring of fluorescence.T oo ur knowledge,o nly one example of the redox switching of acoumarin derivative as an optical material has been reported, for which ac om...