Intermodulation distortion of cascaded transistors

Narayanan, S.

doi:10.1109/jssc.1969.1049971

Cited by 38 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It should be noted that interaction terms can also be observed in cascaded non-linear circuits [22]. This can also be used for reducing distortion terms.…”

Section: Injection Of Im or Harmonic Signalsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Managing linearity in radio front-ends

Gharpurey

2011

2011 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)

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Front-end linearity plays a crucial role in determining the overall performance of a radio receiver. Nonlinearity can impact performance in several ways, including degradation in sensitivity, reduction in gain and the appearance of spurious energy within the frequency band of interest from out-of-band sources. In this paper, an overview of techniques for enhancing front-end linearity is presented. Circuit and devicelevel techniques, as well as architectures for linearization are described.

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“…It should be noted that interaction terms can also be observed in cascaded non-linear circuits [22]. This can also be used for reducing distortion terms.…”

Section: Injection Of Im or Harmonic Signalsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Managing linearity in radio front-ends

Gharpurey

2011

2011 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)

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“…H2 (f ) (22) In [5], the linear transfer functions D HF are denoted by H D , H 2 , H 1 , and H F , respectively. Knowing this, one identifies easily the same expression as (22) in the paper by Miao and Zhang.…”

Section: (I)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…given by (25) will be helpful in calculations of the third-order nonlinear transfer function D Finally, by carrying out the needed algebraic operations on equations (21) and exploiting also (22), (23), (24), and (25), we arrive at…”

Section: (2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this point, it is worth noting that the formulas (32), (33), and (34) for calculation of the nonlinear transfer functions of an amplifier cascade have been derived or rediscovered many times in the literature, see, for example, articles [11], [22], [23] for general framework formulations using the Volterra series, and the recent ones [5], [24], [25] presentations in the particular context of harmonic distortion, harmonic balance method, and use of phasors.…”

Section: In-network Description Of Two-stage Amplifier Being Compomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And note that such studies with regard to the intermodulation distortion measure were performed by Narayanan [22] already many years ago, for amplifiers using bipolar transistor technology. Recently, a number of articles [3], [5], [24], [25] on similar evaluations of nonlinear properties, but regarding now the twostage CMOS amplifiers, has been published.…”

Section: In-network Description Of Two-stage Amplifier Being Compomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generalization of Linear Rosenstark Method of Feedback Amplifier Analysis to Nonlinear One

Borys¹,

Zakrzewski²

2014

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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Abstract-This paper deals with an extension of the Rosenstark's linear model of an amplifier to a nonlinear one for the purpose of performing nonlinear distortion analysis. Contrary to an approach using phasors, our method uses the Volterra series. Relying upon the linear model mentioned above, we define first a set of the so-called amplifier's constitutive equations in an operator form. Then, we expand operators using the Volterra series truncated to the first three components. This leads to getting two representations in the time domain, called in-network and inputoutput type descriptions of an amplifier. Afterwards, both of these representations are transferred into the multi-frequency domains. Their usefulness in calculations of any nonlinear distortion measure as, for example, harmonic, intermodulation, and/or cross-modulation distortion is demonstrated. Moreover, we show that they allow a simple calculation of the so-called nonlinear transfer functions in any topology as, for example, of cascade and feedback structures and their combinations occurring in single-, two-, and three-stage amplifiers. Examples of such calculations are given. Finally in this paper, we comment on usage of such notions as nonlinear signals, intermodulation nonlinearity, and on identification of transfer function poles and zeros lying on the frequency axis with related real-valued frequencies.

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Matrix Analysis of Mildly Nonlinear, Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output Systems With Memory

Saleh¹

1982

Bell System Technical Journal

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A matrix method of analysis is developed for mildly nonlinear, multiple‐input, multiple‐output systems with memory (e.g., nonlinear multiport networks and multichannel communication systems). The method is based on a Volterra‐series representation whose kernels are two‐dimensional matrices rather than multidimensional arrays. This is made possible through the use of the Kronecker product of matrices, which results in a compact formulation. The response of the aforementioned systems to multiple sinusoidal excitations is also studied. Moreover, formulas are given for various system operations (e.g., addition, cascading, inversion, and feedback), which can be used to describe a complex system as an interconnection of simple subsystems.

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Intermodulation distortion of cascaded transistors

Cited by 38 publications

References 8 publications

Managing linearity in radio front-ends

Managing linearity in radio front-ends

Generalization of Linear Rosenstark Method of Feedback Amplifier Analysis to Nonlinear One

Matrix Analysis of Mildly Nonlinear, Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output Systems With Memory

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