Intermittent Preventive Treatment against Malaria in Infants in Gabon—A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trial

Grobusch, Martin P.; Lell, Bertrand; Schwarz, Norbert; Gabor, Julian; Dörnemann, Jenny; Pötschke, Marc; Oyakhirome, Sunny; Kiessling, Georg; Necek, Magdalena; Längin, Matthias; Klouwenberg, Peter Klein; Klöpfer, Anna; Naumann, Benjamin; Altun, Handan; Agnandji, Selidji Todagbé; Goesch, Julia; Decker, Marie-Luise; Salazar, Carmen L. Ospina; Supan, Christian; Kombila, Davy; Borchert, Lea; Köster, Kai Buscalavida; Pongratz, Peter; Adegnika, Akim A.; Glasenapp, I. v.; Issifou, Saadou; Kremsner, Peter G.

doi:10.1086/522160

Cited by 73 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…At the age of 3, 9 and 15 months we recorded the weight and height of children who were followed up in a longitudinal study to assess the efficacy (regarding the outcomes malaria and anaemia) and safety of intermittent presumptive treatment in infants through sulphadoxine pyrimethamine administered at the age of 3, 9 and 15 months that had started in December 2002 (16)(17)(18) . Written consent was obtained from all primary caregivers of all study children enrolled.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

WHO 2006 child growth standards: implications for the prevalence of stunting and underweight-for-age in a birth cohort of Gabonese children in comparison to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts and the National Center for Health Statistics 1978 growth references

Schwarz

Grobusch

Decker

et al. 2008

Public Health Nutr.

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Objectives: To assess the proportion of children being stunted and underweightfor-age at 3, 9 and 15 months in Lambaréné, Gabon, using the WHO child growth standards released in 2006 as compared with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2000 and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) 1978 child growth charts/references. Design and setting: Prospective birth cohort in Lambaréné, Gabon. Subjects: Two hundred and eighty-nine children from birth to 15 months of age. Methods: Weight and length were recorded at 3, 9 and 15 months. Corresponding Z scores for stunting and underweight-for-age were calculated for the three different standards/references. Children with a height-for-age or weight-for-age below -2 SD of the corresponding reference median (Z score #22) were classified as stunted or underweight-for-age, respectively. Results: With the new WHO 2006 standards a higher proportion (4?0 %) of 3-month-old infants were underweight compared with the CDC (1?0 %) or the NCHS (0?7 %) child growth charts/references. In contrast to the NCHS references or the CDC charts, this proportion did not increase from 3 to 9 months or from 9 to 15 months. The proportion of children being stunted was highest (above 20 %) with the WHO 2006 standards at all three ages. Again, in contrast to the old standards, this proportion did not increase from 3 to 9 months or from 9 to 15 months. Conclusions: The present results show considerably different growth faltering patterns for Gabonese children depending on the growth charts used to assess the prevalence of stunting and underweight. Shifting to the new WHO child growth standards may have important implications for child health programmes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

WHO 2006 child growth standards: implications for the prevalence of stunting and underweight-for-age in a birth cohort of Gabonese children in comparison to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts and the National Center for Health Statistics 1978 growth references

Schwarz

Grobusch

Decker

et al. 2008

Public Health Nutr.

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“…The resulting "IPTi Consortium" ( www.ipti-malaria.org ), has supported efficacy trials of IPTi in five countries, and together with other groups has generated information on safety, efficacy, potential interactions with the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) vaccines, resistance, acceptability, immunology, cost, and cost-effectiveness. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] A recent independent review of IPTi concluded that "the evidence makes IPTi with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine a promising public health strategy." 17 Efficacy is defined as the impact achieved by interventions when given in research settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Effectiveness of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Infants (IPTi) in Rural Southern Tanzania

Schellenberg¹,

Shirima²,

Maokola³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants (IPTi) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine shows evidence of efficacy in individually randomized, controlled trials. In a large-scale effectiveness study, IPTi was introduced in April 2005 by existing health staff through routine contacts in 12 randomly selected divisions out of 24 in 6 districts of rural southern Tanzania. Coverage and effects on malaria and anemia were estimated through a representative survey in 2006 with 600 children aged 2–11 months. Coverage of IPTi was 47–76% depending on the definition. Using an intention to treat analysis, parasitemia prevalence was 31% in intervention and 38% in comparison areas (P = 0.06). In a “per protocol” analysis of children who had recently received IPTi, parasite prevalence was 22%, 19 percentage points lower than comparison children (P = 0.01). IPTi can be implemented on a large scale by existing health service staff, with a measurable population effect on malaria, within 1 year of launch.

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“…Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants (IPTi) is a promising new intervention consisting of the administration of a treatment dose of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) at the time of routine vaccinations in the first year of life. 3 A pooled analysis 4 of six randomised controlled trials (RCT) of IPTi using SP (IPTi-SP) [5][6][7][8][9][10] suggested that the intervention can reduce the incidence of clinical malaria in the first year of life by 30%. If such an effect can be achieved by delivering an available and affordable antimalarial treatment at the time of routine contacts with the health system, IPTi-SP may become a useful component of antimalarial strategies in some settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants: evidence from large-scale operational research in southern Tanzania

Maokola

Chemba

Hamisi

et al. 2011

International Health

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Intermittent Preventive Treatment against Malaria in Infants in Gabon—A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trial

Abstract: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00167843.

Cited by 73 publications

References 30 publications

WHO 2006 child growth standards: implications for the prevalence of stunting and underweight-for-age in a birth cohort of Gabonese children in comparison to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts and the National Center for Health Statistics 1978 growth references

WHO 2006 child growth standards: implications for the prevalence of stunting and underweight-for-age in a birth cohort of Gabonese children in comparison to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts and the National Center for Health Statistics 1978 growth references

Community Effectiveness of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Infants (IPTi) in Rural Southern Tanzania

Safety of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants: evidence from large-scale operational research in southern Tanzania

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