Intermittent hypoxia increases exercise tolerance in elderly men with and without coronary artery disease

Burtscher, Martin; Pachinger, Otmar; Ehrenbourg, Igor; Mitterbauer, G.; Faulhaber, Martin; Pühringer, Reinhard; Tkatchouk, Elena N.

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.07.021

Cited by 136 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

123

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, it has been shown that systolic blood pressure is reduced after IHT, causing a hypotensive effect [43]. Thus, it has been confirmed that physical exercise in hypoxia decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease [12,24].…”

Section: Intermittent Hypoxic Training (Iht)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although it is not possible to stay at high altitude and to remain there in many countries -due to orographic conditions-, current technology allows to simulate 17 the effects of altitude (hypoxia) at sea level, through instruments that reduce the content of oxygen on inspired air (normobaric hypoxia) (Figure 1). Intermittent hypoxia may have many applications for improving cardiovascular health, the great public health concern in Western societies [24]. Similarly, stays in altitude or hypoxic situations may help to lose weight and normalize arterial blood pressure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Usefulness of combining intermittent hypoxia and physical exercise in the treatment of obesity

Urdampilleta¹,

González‐Muniesa

Portillo³

et al. 2011

J Physiol Biochem

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryObesity is an important public health problem worldwide and is a major risk factor for a number of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, adverse cardiovascular events and metabolic syndrome related features. Different treatments have been applied to tackle body fat accumulation and its associated clinical manifestations. Often, relevant weight loss is achieved during the first six months under different dietary treatments. From this point, a plateau is reached, and a gradual recovery of the lost weight may occur.Therefore, new research approaches are being investigated to assure weight maintenance.Pioneering investigations have reported that oxygen variations in organic systems may produce changes in body composition. Possible applications of intermittent hypoxia to promote health and in various pathophysiological states have been reported.The hypoxic stimulus in addition to diet and exercise can be an interesting approach to lose weight, by inducing higher basal noradrenalin levels and other metabolic changes whose mechanisms are still unclear. Indeed, hypoxic situations increase the diameter of arterioles, produce peripheral vasodilatation and decrease arterial blood pressure. Furthermore, hypoxic training increases the activity of glycolytic enzymes, enhancing the number of mitochondria and glucose transporter GLUT-4 levels as well as improving insulin sensitivity. Moreover, hypoxia increases blood serotonin, decreases leptin levels while appetite is suppressed. These observations allow considering the hypothesis that intermittent hypoxia induces fat loss and may ameliorate cardiovascular health, which might be of interest for the treatment of obesity. This new strategy may be useful and practical for clinical applications in obese patients.Key Words: obesity, body weight loss, intermittent hypoxia, treatment. 1. Obesity: Prevalence, causes and complicationsObesity is an important public health problem in most countries [63], which is characterized by an excess of body fat, when amounting values higher than 20% in men and 30% in adult women [20,66].The World Health Organization (2009) warns that there are over 400 million obese adults, and that the situation will worsen in the future.The main etiological factors causing excess body weight for height are assigned to overeating and low physical activity, which lead to a positive energy balance, and result in a body fat increase [91]. Furthermore, there are other causes such as the genetic component, the distribution of energy intake throughout the day, the dietary composition of macronutrients, sleep rest, endocrine disruptions or the individual ability to oxidize energy substrates [26,70,93]. Thus, obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction between genotype, environment and physical activity patterns [14,91,95].Obesity is considered one of the major risk factors in the onset of associated chronic diseases, such as hypercholesterolemia, type II diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disorders and metabolic syndrome features [1...

show abstract

Section: Intermittent Hypoxic Training (Iht)mentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of combining intermittent hypoxia and physical exercise in the treatment of obesity

Urdampilleta¹,

González‐Muniesa

Portillo³

et al. 2011

J Physiol Biochem

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Simulated altitude procedures are used in both athletes (2,9) and non-athletes (4,8) alike. However, while the acute effects of single or continuous hypoxic exposures have been well-documented, the autonomic response during repeated bouts of intermittent hypoxic exposure (IHE) is currently unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, while the acute effects of single or continuous hypoxic exposures have been well-documented, the autonomic response during repeated bouts of intermittent hypoxic exposure (IHE) is currently unknown. Moreover, while IHE has been suggested as a safe means of improving exercise economy (4) and baroreflex sensitivity (8) in participants with cardiovascular disease, little is known about the training effect of IHE on HRV in a sedentary, middle aged population. The aim of this research was to investigate the instantaneous and adaptive effects of 4 weeks of IHE on HRV in a sedentary, middle aged population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effect of short-term intermittent hypoxic exposure on heart rate variability in a sedentary population

Lizamore¹,

Kathiravel²,

Elliott³

et al. 2016

Acta Physiologica Hungarica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While the effects of instantaneous, single-bout exposure to hypoxia have been well researched, little is known about the autonomic response during, or as an adaptation to, repeated intermittent hypoxic exposure (IHE) in a sedentary population. Resting heart rate variability (HRV) and exercise capacity was assessed in 16 participants (8 receiving IHE, [Hyp] and 8 receiving a placebo treatment [C]) before and after a 4-week IHE intervention. Heart rate variability was also measured during an IHE session in the last week of the intervention. Post-intervention, the root mean squared successive difference (rMSSD) increased substantially in Hyp (71.6 ± 52.5%, mean change ± 90% confidence limits) compared to C suggesting an increase in vagal outflow. However, aside from a likely decrease in submaximal exercise heart rate in the Hyp group (-5.0 ± 6.4%) there was little evidence of improved exercise capacity. During the week 4 IHE measurement, HRV decreased during the hypoxic exposure (reduced R-R interval: -7.5 ± 3.2%; and rMSSD: -24.7 ± 17.3%) suggesting a decrease in the relative contribution of vagal activity. In summary, while 4 weeks of IHE is unlikely to improve maximal exercise capacity, it may be a useful means of increasing HRV in people unable to exercise.Keywords: autonomic nervous system, sedentary lifestyle, interval hypoxia, simulated altitude, physical fitness, health Heart rate variability (HRV) is the analysis of the variation in the beat to beat intervals in the heart rhythm, which reflects the autonomic nervous system (ANS) innervation on the sinus node (25). Heart rate variability is also responsive to the changes in the ANS associated with external stimuli such as real or simulated altitude (21). For example, an initially sharp increase in sympathetic activity is observed upon arrival at altitude (7, 28), which gradually declines through the acclimatization process (14, 23). The reduction in HRV is largely due to a reduction in the parasympathetic drive at the sinus node during hypoxia, the mechanism behind which has been well described by Roche et al. (20). The recovery of HRV to baseline levels upon return to normoxic ambient air depends on the length and severity of the initial exposure. That is, after 12 hours of continuous hypoxic exposure, a pronounced (dampened) effect on HRV is still evident an hour after returning to normoxic ambient air (7), but after a brief hypoxic exposure of 15 min, recovery is almost immediate (20).

show abstract

Adaptations following an intermittent hypoxia‐hyperoxia training in coronary artery disease patients: a controlled study

Глазачев

Kopylov

Суста

et al. 2017

Clinical Cardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Repeated exposure to intermittent normobaric hypoxia improves exercise tolerance in cardiac patients. Little is known on the effects of intermittent normobaric hypoxia‐hyperoxia exposure in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients (New York Heart Association II–III). Hypothesis IHHT improves exercise tolerance, cardiometabolic profile, and quality of life in CAD patients. Methods The study design was a nonrandomized, controlled, before‐and‐after trial. Forty‐six CAD patients volunteered to take part in the study: a group of 27 patients undertook the intermittent hypoxia (O2 at 10%)–hyperoxia (O2 at 30%) training (IHHT), whereas a control group (CTRL) of 19 patients, who already completed an 8‐week standard cardiac rehabilitation program, was allocated to sham‐IHHT treatment (breathing room air, O2 at 21%). Exercise performance, blood and metabolic profiles, and quality of life (Seattle Angina Questionnaire [SAQ]) were measured before and after in the IHHT group (IHHG) and sham‐IHHT in the CTRL group. Results The IHHG showed improved exercise capacity, reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressures, enhanced left ventricle ejection fraction, and reduced glycemia, but only at 1‐month follow‐up. Angina as a reason to stop exercising was significantly reduced after treatment and at 1‐month follow‐up. The IHHT SAQ profile was improved in the IHHG and not significantly different to the CTRL group after standard rehabilitation. The IHHG was also compared to the CTRL group at 1‐month follow‐up, and no differences were found. Conclusions In CAD patients, an IHHT program is associated with improved exercise tolerance, healthier risks factors profile, and a better quality of life. Our study also suggests that IHHT is as effective as an 8‐week standard rehabilitation program.

show abstract

Intermittent hypoxia increases exercise tolerance in elderly men with and without coronary artery disease

Cited by 136 publications

References 27 publications

Usefulness of combining intermittent hypoxia and physical exercise in the treatment of obesity

Usefulness of combining intermittent hypoxia and physical exercise in the treatment of obesity

The effect of short-term intermittent hypoxic exposure on heart rate variability in a sedentary population

Adaptations following an intermittent hypoxia‐hyperoxia training in coronary artery disease patients: a controlled study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About