Intermittent fasting suppressed splenic CD205+ G‐MDSC accumulation in a murine breast cancer model by attenuating cell trafficking and inducing apoptosis

Fu, Chenghao; Lu, Yao; Zhang, Yiwei; Yu, Mingxi; Ma, Shumei; Lyu, Shuxia

doi:10.1002/fsn3.2510

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Moreover a significant reduction of tumor-resident MDSCs and an increased T cell to MDSC ratio in PBMCs was detected [53]. Similar results were achieved in a study using intermittent fasting in 4T1 and 4T07 preclinical tumor models, where decreased accumulation of granulocytic MDSCs in the spleen was associated with reduced tumor growth [54]. Another study showed that glycolysis reduction by 2-deoxy-D-glucose inhibited granulocyte-and macrophage colony-stimulating factor production by tumor cells, which resulted in less mobilization of MDSC in the 4T1 preclinical model as visualized in Figure 2 [55].…”

Section: Pre-clinical Evidence Shows That Stf Can Decrease Immunosupp...supporting

confidence: 71%

Short-Term Fasting Synergizes with Solid Cancer Therapy by Boosting Antitumor Immunity

Gruil

Pijl

Burg

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Short-term fasting (STF), using a low caloric, low protein fasting mimicking diet (FMD), appears to be a promising strategy to enhance chemotherapy-based cancer efficacy, while potentially alleviating toxicity. Preclinical results suggest that enhanced tumor immunity and decreased growth signaling, via lowering of circulating insulin and insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels form the potential underlying mechanisms. STF may boost anti-tumor responses by promoting tumor immunogenicity and decreasing local immunosuppression. These findings warrant further studies focused on the combination of STF, not only with chemotherapy, but also with immunotherapy to evaluate the full range of benefits of STF in cancer treatment. Here, we delineate the underlying anticancer mechanisms of fasting. We summarize preclinical evidence of STF boosting antitumor immunity and alleviating immunosuppression, as well as the clinical findings reporting the immunomodulatory effects of STF during various cancer treatments, including immunotherapy.

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Section: Pre-clinical Evidence Shows That Stf Can Decrease Immunosupp...supporting

confidence: 71%

Short-Term Fasting Synergizes with Solid Cancer Therapy by Boosting Antitumor Immunity

Gruil

Pijl

Burg

et al. 2022

Cancers

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“…Our research may be the first to investigate the complementary anticancer effects of the natural compound TQ and IF, which have been shown to contribute to a reduction in the risk of breast cancer [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. TQ, IF, and their combinations were tested for anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Thymoquinone and Intermittent Fasting as a Treatment for Breast Cancer Implanted in Mice

Haif,

Al Kury,

Talib

2023

Plants

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Breast cancer stands out as a particularly challenging form of cancer to treat among various types. Traditional treatment methods have been longstanding approaches, yet their efficacy has diminished over time owing to heightened toxicity, adverse effects, and the emergence of multi-drug resistance. Nevertheless, a viable solution has emerged through the adoption of a complementary treatment strategy utilizing natural substances and the incorporation of intermittent fasting to enhance therapeutic outcomes. This study aimed to assess the anticancer activity of thymoquinone (TQ), intermittent fasting, and their combination using in vivo and in vitro methods. The anti-proliferative activity of TQ and fasting (glucose/serum restriction) were evaluated against the T47D, MDA-MB-231, and EMT6 cell lines and compared to normal cell lines (Vero) using the MTT colorimetric assay method. Additionally, this study aimed to determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of TQ. For the in vivo experiment, the antitumor activity of TQ and intermittent fasting (IF) was assessed by measuring the tumor sizes using a digital caliper to determine the change in the tumor size and survival rates. At the molecular level, the serum levels of glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), leptin, and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured using standard kits. Additionally, the aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and creatinine serum levels were measured. The inhibition of the breast cancer cell lines was achieved by TQ. TQ and intermittent fasting both had an additional anticancer effect against breast tumors inoculated in mice. The combination therapy was evaluated and found to significantly reduce the tumor size, with a change in tumor size of −57.7%. Additionally, the combination of TQ and IF led to a decrease in the serum levels of glucose, IGF-1 (24.49 ng/mL) and leptin (1.77 ng/mL) while increasing β-hydroxybutyrate in the mice given combination therapy (200.86 nM) with no toxicity on the liver or kidneys. In the mice receiving combination therapy, TQ and IF treated breast cancer in an additive way without causing liver or kidney toxicity due to decreased levels of glucose, IGF-1, and leptin and increased levels of β-hydroxybutyrate. Further investigation is required to optimize the doses and determine the other possible mechanisms exhibited by the novel combination.

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“…Breast cancer [ 222,345] ; lung cancer [ 346] Diurnal gene expression rhythms↑ angiogenic factors↓ IF Worm: 40.4-77.0% [ 245,246] Flies: 10% [ 247] Mouse: 12.6-20.0% [ 250,252] AD [ 165,166,300,302,347] ; HD [ 348] ; MS [ 120,349] Cognitive function↑ neuronal differentiation↑ A𝛽 deposition↓ BDNF↑ Metabolic syndrome [ 110] T2DM [ 121,153,208] NAFLD [ 114,[213][214][215] Steatosis↓ glycemic control↑ 𝛽-cell mass↑ probiotic↑ ALL [350] ; melanoma; colonic cancer [ 227] ; breast cancer [ 230,351] LEPR signaling PP2A-GSK3𝛽-MCL-1 signal↑ serum glucose levels↓ FMD Mouse:11-19% [ 41,193] PD [305] ; MS [ 178,179] BDNF↑ inflammation↓ remyelination in axons↑ T1DM [ 183,186] T2DM [ 183,186,206,207,352]…”

Section: Metabolic Diseases and Their Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting: From Physiology to Pathology

Tang

Huang

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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Overnutrition is a risk factor for various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. Therefore, targeting overnutrition represents a simple but attractive strategy for the treatment of these increasing public health threats. Fasting as a dietary intervention for combating overnutrition has been extensively studied. Fasting has been practiced for millennia, but only recently have its roles in the molecular clock, gut microbiome, and tissue homeostasis and function emerged. Fasting can slow aging in most species and protect against various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. These centuried and unfading adventures and explorations suggest that fasting has the potential to delay aging and help prevent and treat diseases while minimizing side effects caused by chronic dietary interventions. In this review, recent animal and human studies concerning the role and underlying mechanism of fasting in physiology and pathology are summarized, the therapeutic potential of fasting is highlighted, and the combination of pharmacological intervention and fasting is discussed as a new treatment regimen for human diseases.

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Intermittent fasting suppressed splenic CD205+ G‐MDSC accumulation in a murine breast cancer model by attenuating cell trafficking and inducing apoptosis

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Short-Term Fasting Synergizes with Solid Cancer Therapy by Boosting Antitumor Immunity

Short-Term Fasting Synergizes with Solid Cancer Therapy by Boosting Antitumor Immunity

Combination of Thymoquinone and Intermittent Fasting as a Treatment for Breast Cancer Implanted in Mice

Fasting: From Physiology to Pathology

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