Intermittent fasting and immunomodulatory effects: A systematic review

Abstract

Introductionstrategy of periodic food restriction and fixed eating windows, could beneficially modify individuals by losing body weight, regulating glucose or lipid metabolism, reducing blood pressure, and modulating the immune system. Specific effects of IF and its mechanisms have not yet been assessed collectively. Thus, this systematic review aims to summarize and compare clinical trials that explored the immunomodulatory effects of IF.MethodsAfter screening, 28 studies were included in this systematic review.ResultsIn addition to weight loss, IF could benefit health subjects by strengthening their circadian rhythms, migrating immune cells, lower inflammatory factors, and enriching microbials. In addition of the anti-inflammatory effect by regulating macrophages, protection against oxidative stress with hormone secretion and oxidative-related gene expression plays a key beneficial role for the influence of IF on obese subjects.DiscussionPhysiological stress by surgery and pathophysiological disorders by endocrine diseases may be partly eased with IF. Moreover, IF might be used to treat anxiety and cognitive disorders with its cellular, metabolic and circadian mechanisms. Finally, the specific effects of IF and the mechanisms pertaining to immune system in these conditions require additional studies.

Exploring the Impact of Ketogenic Diet and Intermittent Fasting on Male Rats’ Testicular Health: An Analysis of Hormonal Regulation, Oxidative Stress, and Spermatogenesis

“…Interestingly, we observed a reduction in MDA levels in the IF + CD and IF + KD groups, indicating that IF might mitigate KD-induced oxidative stress. Tis aligns with the fndings of He et al [40], who reported that IF could attenuate oxidative stress and improve antioxidant defense mechanisms. Furthermore, the changes in GSH levels and catalase activity observed in our study support the potential protective role of IF against oxidative stress.…”

The Circulating Selenium Concentration Is Positively Related to the Lipid Accumulation Product: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

“…A total of 12,815 participants were eligible for inclusion and therefore incorporated into the analyses (Figure 1). function dysfunction, and energy metabolism disorders are key in the pathogenesis of obesity [8,[23][24][25]. Thus, it is hypothesized that Se may influence obesity levels.…”

“…Selenium (Se), an essential trace element and constituent of selenoproteins, plays many vital physiological roles, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, energy metabolism, immune regulation, redox signaling, cellular differentiation, protein folding, and gene expression [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, endocrine function dysfunction, and energy metabolism disorders are key in the pathogenesis of obesity [8,[23][24][25].…”

Exploring Therapeutic Applications of Autophagy in Spike Protein-Related Pathology

“…TRE/IF has a profound effect on promoting immune system homeostasis [113]. Fasting improves mitochondrial health [114][115][116][117] and protects hematopoietic stem cells from damage [118].…”