Intermittent bolus feeding promotes greater lean growth than continuous feeding in a neonatal piglet model

El‐Kadi, Samer W.; Boutry, Claire; Suryawan, Agus; Gazzaneo, María C.; Orellana, Renán A.; Srivastava, Neeraj; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Kimball, Scot R.; Fiorotto, Marta L.; Davis, Teresa A.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy133

Cited by 27 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Meal frequency has been studied in humans as well as animal models, and intermittent fasting may result in increased protein synthesis, lower RQ, and reduced fat mass [23,29]. Some…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The daytime feeding frequency affects appetite-regulating hormones, amino acids, physical activity, and respiratory quotient, but not energy expenditure, in adult cats fed regimens for 21 days

et al. 2020

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The effects of feeding frequency on postprandial response of circulating appetite-regulating hormones, insulin, glucose and amino acids, and on physical activity, energy expenditure, and respiratory quotient were studied in healthy adult cats. Two experiments were designed as a 2 x 3 replicated incomplete Latin square design. Eight cats, with an average body weight (BW) of 4.34 kg ± 0.04 and body condition score (BCS) of 5.4 ± 1.4 (9 point scale), were fed isocaloric amounts of a commercial adult maintenance canned cat food either once (0800 h) or four times daily (0800 h, 1130 h, 1500 h, 1830 h). Study 1 consisted of three 21-d periods. On day 14, two fasted and 11 postprandial blood samples were collected over 24 hours to measure plasma concentrations of ghrelin, GLP-1, GIP, leptin, PYY, insulin and amino acids, and whole blood glucose. Physical activity was monitored from day 15 to 21 of each period. In Study 2 indirect calorimetry was performed on the last day of each period. Body weight was measured weekly and feed intake recorded daily in both experiments. No effect of feeding regimen on BW was detected. Cats eating four times daily had lesser plasma concentrations of GIP and GLP-1 (P<0.05) and tended to have lesser plasma PYY concentrations (P<0.1). Plasma leptin and whole blood glucose concentrations did not differ between regimens (P>0.1). Cats fed once daily had a greater postprandial plasma amino acid response, and greater plasma ghrelin and insulin concentrations (P<0.05). Physical activity was greater in cats fed four times (P<0.05), though energy expenditure was similar between treatments at fasting and in postprandial phases. Finally, cats eating one meal had a lower fasting respiratory quotient (P<0.05). Overall, these data indicate that feeding once a day may be a beneficial feeding management strategy for indoor cats to promote satiation and lean body mass.

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“…Meal frequency has been studied in humans as well as animal models, and intermittent fasting may result in increased protein synthesis, lower RQ, and reduced fat mass [23,29]. Some…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The daytime feeding frequency affects appetite-regulating hormones, amino acids, physical activity, and respiratory quotient, but not energy expenditure, in adult cats fed regimens for 21 days

et al. 2020

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“…In a neonatal pig model, intermittently fed animals (enteral feeds given every 4 hours over 15 minutes) demonstrated protein synthesis to a greater extent in a sustained manner over 21 days, compared with animals who were continuously fed. [69][70][71][72] Whether this translates to critically ill, adult humans is still a matter of debate. Nevertheless, one small study comparing intermittent feeding versus continuous nasogastric feeding among postoperative patients showed that those fed intermittently had lower resting oxygen consumption on the 4th and 5th postoperative days and attained better nitrogen balance over a 5-day study period than those fed continuously.…”

Section: Evaluating Feeding Methods Through the Lens Of Optimizing Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconsidering Nutritional Support in Critically Ill Patients

Korwin

Honiden

2019

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Provision of nutrition is universally considered a key element of supportive care in the intensive care unit (ICU). Despite this, there is a relative dearth of high-quality data, and where available, results are often conflicting. As we understand more about the process of recovery for critically ill patients, ICU nutrition might be better thought of as active therapy that can and should be tailored to the needs of patients in more dynamic ways. With the advent of the programmable feeding pump, continuous feeding modes have become the default manner in which patients are fed in many ICUs. In the modern ICU era, where the goal of critical care has shifted from mere survival to surviving and living well, non-continuous modes of feeding may have advantages related to fewer feeding interruptions, ICU mobilization, optimizing protein synthesis and autophagy, as well as restoring gastrointestinal physiology and the circadian rhythm. More research is desperately required to provide a framework in order to guide best nutrition practices for clinicians at the bedside.

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“…(26) Earlier investigations reported that MPS could only be stimulated for a limited time in healthy individuals, despite su cient availability of amino acids. (27) In addition, compared to continuous feeding, IF is assumed to have direct potential advantages over gastrointestinal-hormone secretion (21,28) and indirect advantages due to preservation of pancreatic and gallbladder function, (21) elevated insulin secretion (28,29) and improvement of glucose control. (1) However, whether this physiologic hormone pattern translates into molecular muscle anabolism remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein delivery in intermittent and continuous enteral nutrition with a protein-rich formula in critically ill patients - A protocol for the prospective randomised controlled proof-of-concept Protein Bolus Nutrition (Pro BoNo) study

Reinhold

Yeginsoy

Hollinger

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Critically ill patients rapidly develop muscle wasting resulting in sarcopenia, long-term disability and higher mortality. Bolus nutrition (30-60 min period), while having a similar incidence of aspiration as continuous feeding, seems to provide metabolic benefits through increased muscle protein synthesis due to higher leucine peaks. To date, clinical evidence on achievement of nutritional goals and influence of bolus nutrition on skeletal muscle metabolism in ICU patients is lacking. The aim of the Pro BoNo study (Protein Bolus Nutrition) is to compare intermittent and continuous enteral feeding with a specific high-protein formula. We hypothesise that target quantity of protein is reached earlier (within 36 hours) by an intermittent feeding protocol with a favourable influence on muscle protein synthesis.Methods Pro BoNo is a prospective randomised controlled study aiming to compare the impact of intermittent and continuous enteral feeding on preventing muscle wasting in 60 critically ill patients recruited during the first 48 hours after ICU admission. The primary outcome measure is the time until the daily protein target (≥1.5 g protein/kg bodyweight/24h) is achieved. Secondary outcome measures include tolerance of enteral feeding and evolution of glucose, urea and IGF-1. Ultrasound and muscle biopsy of the quadriceps will be performed.Discussion The Basel Pro BoNo study aims to collect innovative data on the effect of intermittent enteral feeding of critically ill patients on muscle wasting.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03587870, registered July 16, 2018. Swiss National Clinical Trial Portal identifier: SNCTP000003234, last updated July 24, 2019.

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Intermittent bolus feeding promotes greater lean growth than continuous feeding in a neonatal piglet model

Cited by 27 publications

References 61 publications

The daytime feeding frequency affects appetite-regulating hormones, amino acids, physical activity, and respiratory quotient, but not energy expenditure, in adult cats fed regimens for 21 days

The daytime feeding frequency affects appetite-regulating hormones, amino acids, physical activity, and respiratory quotient, but not energy expenditure, in adult cats fed regimens for 21 days

Reconsidering Nutritional Support in Critically Ill Patients

Protein delivery in intermittent and continuous enteral nutrition with a protein-rich formula in critically ill patients - A protocol for the prospective randomised controlled proof-of-concept Protein Bolus Nutrition (Pro BoNo) study

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