Intermetallic compounds in Al 6016/IF-steel friction stir spot welds

Modelling and visualisation of material flow in friction stir spot welding

“…Studies of FSSW, such as Bozzi et al (2010) and Lee et al (2009), have largely focussed on microstructural and property characterisation, including the formation of intermetallic reaction layers at the weld interface in aluminium-steel joints. In contrast, while investigations by Uematsu et al (2010) and Coelho et al (2008) have explored the influence of the material flow behaviour on weld formation, their limited direct observation make interpretation difficult.…”

Characterization of Intermetallic Compounds in Dissimilar Material Resistance Spot Welded Joint of High Strength Steel and Aluminum Alloy

“…6) Several solid state welding methods have been investigated to join steel and aluminum alloy, including explosion welding, 7,8) ultrasonic welding, 9) magnetic pressure welding, 10,11) friction welding [12][13][14] and friction stir welding. 15,16) The solid state welding techniques are expected to restrain the growth of the intermetallic compound layer within a permissible limit, which has been identified as 10 μm thickness, 17) but the adaptability of these methods is restricted in automotive industry due to equipment configuration. In the last few years, arc welding-brazing, [18][19][20][21] laser reactive wetting 6) and laser brazing 4,5,[22][23][24][25] of the dissimilar materials of steel and aluminum alloy have drawn great attentions.…”

An Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties on Friction Stir Welded Joint of Dissimilar 304 Stainless Steel and Commercially Pure Aluminium

“…Moreover which is responsible for the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds. Bozzi et al reported the hardness of the different Intermetallic compounds were FeAl (400 HV), FeAl 3 (820 HV), FeAl 2 (1000 HV) and Fe 2 Al 5 (1100 HV) [12]. The minimum hardness value is in HAZ region on both the sides.…”