Intermediate Temperature Reversible Fuel Cells

Elangovan, S.; Hartvigsen, Joseph; Frost, Lyman

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7402.2007.02132.x

Cited by 52 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…SOEC, a reverse mode of SOFC, produces hydrogen by splitting water steam into hydrogen and oxygen at high temperatures. Thus SOCs have the potential to produce clean energy or clean synthetic fuel 1 . The planar mode of SOCs is more attractive because of its higher power density, lower cost, and relative ease of fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Compatibility of a Seal Glass with Different Solid Oxide Cell Components

Mahapatra

2010

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Thermochemical compatibility of an aluminosilicate glass (SABS‐0) with Crofer 22 APU, nickel, and NiTiHf alloy has been studied for solid oxide cell use. Local SABS‐0 devitrification occurs near the interfaces of Crofer 22 APU/SABS‐0 and Ni/SABS‐0 samples. But extensive SABS‐0 devitrification is observed at the NiTiHf/SABS‐0 interface. The SABS‐0 elements diffuse a few microns into the Crofer 22 APU alloy and the nickel, or vice versa. But the SABS‐0 and NiTiHf elements diffuse into each other at ∼25 μm. The SABS‐0 glass is thermochemically compatible with the Crofer 22 APU and the nickel but not with the NiTiHf alloy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Compatibility of a Seal Glass with Different Solid Oxide Cell Components

Mahapatra

2010

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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“…The necessity to store energy from the increasing amounts of electricity from renewable energy sources has renewed the interest for using SOCs for electrolysis purposes, and recently several research groups have reported on SOEC R&D work. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] From a fundamental thermodynamic and electrochemical point of view it is clear that high temperature electrolysis of steam can provide H 2 with high efficiency and high purity, and SOECs can be used as buffers to optimize the efficiency of intermittent sources, such as wind power, and utilize waste heat and surplus energy from, e.g., nuclear power facilities during off-peak hours. However, for these cells to become successful from a technological and commercial point of view for H 2 and synthetic fuel production, SOECs need to be cost competitive, high performing, and long-term stable.…”

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confidence: 99%

Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells: Microstructure and Degradation of the Ni/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Electrode

Hauch

Ebbesen

Jensen

et al. 2008

J. Electrochem. Soc.

309

255

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Solid oxide fuel cells produced at Risø DTU have been tested as solid oxide electrolysis cells for steam electrolysis by applying an external voltage. Varying the sealing on the hydrogen electrode side of the setup verifies that the previously reported passivation over the first few hundred hours of electrolysis testing was an effect of the applied glass sealing. Degradation of the cells during long-term galvanostatic electrolysis testing ͓850°C, −1/2 A/cm 2 , p͑H 2 O͒/p͑H 2 ͒ = 0.5/0.5͔ was analyzed by impedance spectroscopy and the degradation was found mainly to be caused by increasing polarization resistance associated with the hydrogen electrode. A cell voltage degradation of 2%/1000 h was obtained. Postmortem analysis of cells tested at these conditions showed that the electrode microstructure could withstand at least 1300 h of electrolysis testing, however, impurities were found in the hydrogen electrode of tested solid oxide electrolysis cells. Electrolysis testing at high current density, high temperature, and a high partial pressure of steam ͓−2 A/cm 2 , 950°C, p͑H 2 O͒ = 0.9 atm͔ was observed to lead to significant microstructural changes at the hydrogen electrode-electrolyte interface.

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“…Current density variations for the same electrode material systems are due to starting material characteristics, processing, electrode microstructure, absolute humidity input, and flow rates. Figure 16.19 graphically shows data reported in the literature for current densities at V tn between 500 and 900°C along with the range of values for various types of SOEC [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. The performance of SOEC single cells, like SOFCs, can be improved by using nanoparticles to modify electrode microstructures [61,62].…”

Section: Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Current densities at thermoneutral voltage reported for various types of SOEC between 500 and 900°C (the bars show the range of values)[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60].…”

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confidence: 99%

Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology for Hydrogen/Syngas and Power Production

Minh¹

2016

Hydrogen Science and Engineering : Materials, Processes, Systems and Technology

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IntroductionWorld energy consumption is projected to grow by about 56% from 2010 to 2040 (from 524 quadrillion to 820 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu)) with consumption increases from all fuel sources (fossil, nuclear, and renewable) and fossil fuels expected to continue supply much of the energy used worldwide (almost 80%) [1]. As use of fossil fuels is projected to increase, world energyrelated CO 2 emissions will grow from 31 billion metric tons in 2010 to 45 billion metric tons in 2040, a 45% increase [1]. Thus, it is expected that future energy systems should be fuel-flexible (flexibility) (to facilitate integration with any type of energy sources) and environmentally compatible (compatibility) (to reduce CO 2 emissions). In addition, such systems should have the characteristics of capability (useful for different functions), adaptability (suitable for various applications and adaptable to local energy needs), and affordability (competitive in costs) (Figure 16.1). Reversible solid oxide fuel cells (RSOFCs), being developed for hydrogen/syngas production and power generation, potentially have all those desired characteristics and, therefore, can serve as a base technology for green, flexible, and cost-competitive future energy systems [2]. This chapter provides an overview of the RSOFC, discusses its hydrogen/syngas production and power generation operations, and reviews the status of the technology and its applications. Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Overview Operating PrinciplesA RSOFC is a device that can operate efficiently in both fuel cell mode for power generation and electrolysis mode for chemical production. Thus, in fuel cell

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Intermediate Temperature Reversible Fuel Cells

Cited by 52 publications

References 20 publications

Thermochemical Compatibility of a Seal Glass with Different Solid Oxide Cell Components

Thermochemical Compatibility of a Seal Glass with Different Solid Oxide Cell Components

Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells: Microstructure and Degradation of the Ni/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Electrode

Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology for Hydrogen/Syngas and Power Production

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