Intermediate phase engineering of halide perovskites for photovoltaics

Xiang, Wanchun; Zhang, Jiahuan; Liu, Shengzhong; Albrecht, Steve; Hagfeldt, Anders; Wang, Zaiwei

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2021.11.013

Cited by 83 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…In addition, the FAPbI 3 structure commonly processes two totally different phases, including 3C α-FAPbI 3 ( P 3 m 1 space group) with corner-shared PbI 6 octahedra and 2H δ-FAPbI 3 ( P 6 3 mc space group) with face-shared PbI 6 octahedra. The photoinactive δ-FAPbI 3 phase requires a high transition energy (e.g., annealing at 150 °C) to be reconstructed into the photoactive α-FAPbI 3 phase. − Although the final perovskite formation would be tremendously determined by intermediate structures, − a principal explanation on intermediate-involved α-FAPbI 3 growth is still lacking. , Hence, revealing chemical principles of intermediate structures behind the solvent dependence would further highly advance the rational growth of α-FAPbI 3 films toward high-performance devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solvent Gaming Chemistry to Control the Quality of Halide Perovskite Thin Films for Photovoltaics

et al. 2022

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Research on solvent chemistry, particularly for halide perovskite intermediates, has been advancing the development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) toward commercial applications. A predictive understanding of solvent effects on the perovskite formation is thus essential. This work systematically discloses the relationship among the basicity of solvents, solvent-contained intermediate structures, and intermediate-to-perovskite α-FAPbI3 evolutions. Depending on their basicity, solvents exhibit their own favorite bonding selection with FA+ or Pb2+ cations by forming either hydrogen bonds or coordination bonds, resulting in two different kinds of intermediate structures. While both intermediates can be evolved into α-FAPbI3 below the δ-to-α thermodynamic temperature, the hydrogen-bond-favorable kind could form defect-less α-FAPbI3 via sidestepping the break of strong coordination bonds. The disclosed solvent gaming mechanism guides the solvent selection for fabricating high-quality perovskite films and thus high-performance PSCs and modules.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a principal explanation on intermediate-involved α-FAPbI 3 growth is still lacking 39,40. Hence, revealing chemical principles of inter-i v i d u a l n o t d i r e c t l y a s s o c i a t e d w i t h s c i t e i s p r o h i b i t e d .…”

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confidence: 99%

Solvent Gaming Chemistry to Control the Quality of Halide Perovskite Thin Films for Photovoltaics

et al. 2022

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“…The most common method for preparing Sn–Pb alloyed perovskite films is through a one-step antisolvent process, where the excess solvent contained in the films is extracted by the dripping of an antisolvent to form a transitional intermediate phase [ 22 ]. The intermediate phase that provides the nucleation sites then promotes crystallization of the film during annealing [ 23 ]. Nevertheless, the presence of such intermediate phases in different perovskite composites is not always well understood or controlled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving Mixed Intermediate Phases in Methylammonium-Free Sn–Pb Alloyed Perovskites for High-Performance Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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The complete elimination of methylammonium (MA) cations in Sn–Pb composites can extend their light and thermal stabilities. Unfortunately, MA-free Sn–Pb alloyed perovskite thin films suffer from wrinkled surfaces and poor crystallization, due to the coexistence of mixed intermediate phases. Here, we report an additive strategy for finely regulating the impurities in the intermediate phase of Cs0.25FA0.75Pb0.6Sn0.4I3 and, thereby, obtaining high-performance solar cells. We introduced d-homoserine lactone hydrochloride (D-HLH) to form hydrogen bonds and strong Pb–O/Sn–O bonds with perovskite precursors, thereby weakening the incomplete complexation effect between polar aprotic solvents (e.g., DMSO) and organic (FAI) or inorganic (CsI, PbI2, and SnI2) components, and balancing their nucleation processes. This treatment completely transformed mixed intermediate phases into pure preformed perovskite nuclei prior to thermal annealing. Besides, this D-HLH substantially inhibited the oxidation of Sn2+ species. This strategy generated a record efficiency of 21.61%, with a Voc of 0.88 V for an MA-free Sn–Pb device, and an efficiency of 23.82% for its tandem device. The unencapsulated devices displayed impressive thermal stability at 85 °C for 300 h and much improved continuous operation stability at MPP for 120 h.

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“…For MA-based perovskite, intermediate phases lead to needle-like perovskite films with some pinholes and poor coverage on the substrate. In order to prepare a uniform and pinhole-free perovskite film, it is necessary to eliminate intermediate and direct crystallization processes from the disordered precursor sol–gel to the perovskite phase . However, compared with the MA-based perovskite, the crystallization of FA-Cs-based perovskite films suffer from a more complicated intermediate phase transition process because of the mismatch between FA + and Cs + ion size, leading to smaller dipole moment and weaker interaction within the Pb–I framework .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Intermediate phases in the precursor film are therefore generated by coordinating perovskite precursors with solvents before the formation of final films, such as MAI-PbI 2 -DMF or MAI-PbI 2 -DMSO. Perovskite crystals nucleate and grow from the intermediate as the solvent escapes from the intermediate during film annealing as they are thermally unstable . Compared with solution-based methods, vacuum evaporation-based deposition does not require solvents, which is also an ideal method for deposition of perovskite thin films in multilayer stacks and on sensitive substrates.…”

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confidence: 99%

Controlling Phase Transition toward Future Low-Cost and Eco-friendly Printing of Perovskite Solar Cells

Liu

Cai

Wang

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have grown increasingly popular over the past few years and are considered to be game-changers in the energy conversion market. It has became vital to transfer the deep understanding of the perovskite film formation process during lab-scale fabrication to large-scale production. Complex phase transition during film formation has been revealed by in situ strategies. However, there is still debate which phase transition is the right route for a future scalable approach. Herein, we briefly summarize perovskite crystallization during scalable printing processes. The critical information about the intermediates involved in phase transition from precursors to perovskite crystals are discussed because it deeply impacts the morphology of printed films. Finally, important strategies to control phase transition and challenges toward future low-temperature and eco-friendly printing of perovskite solar cells are proposed. The information provided by this Perspective will assist the screening and development of the perovskite phase transition for future cost-efficient printed perovskite panels.

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Intermediate phase engineering of halide perovskites for photovoltaics

Cited by 83 publications

References 119 publications

Solvent Gaming Chemistry to Control the Quality of Halide Perovskite Thin Films for Photovoltaics

Solvent Gaming Chemistry to Control the Quality of Halide Perovskite Thin Films for Photovoltaics

Resolving Mixed Intermediate Phases in Methylammonium-Free Sn–Pb Alloyed Perovskites for High-Performance Solar Cells

Controlling Phase Transition toward Future Low-Cost and Eco-friendly Printing of Perovskite Solar Cells

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