Intermediate/borderline disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis

Mondolfi, Alberto E. Paniz; Duffey, Gabrielle Baker; Horton, Lucy E; Tirado, Mariantonieta; Jaimes, Oscar Reyes; Perez-alvarez, Alexandra; Zerpa, Olga

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2012.05709.x

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In our experience, it is not common to see this form of the disease in children, and in most of the cases, adult patients present with concomitant systemic illnesses like metabolic disease (diabetes), autoimmune diseases (multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis), or even concurrent infectious illness like Chagas disease …”

Section: Clinical and Diagnostic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

American cutaneous leishmaniasis in infancy and childhood

et al. 2017

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Infant and young child skin diseases are among the most common features of morbidity throughout the tropics. Because the skin is directly exposed to the environment, it is considerably affected by climatic and local conditions such as vectors and microorganisms, as in the case of leishmaniasis. In America the observed magnitude of cutaneous leishmaniasis in children has led to the study of increased risk of exposure of this group due to the possibility of peri- and intradomiciliary transmission. The present review pretends to make a concrete approach all through the broad and main figures of this parasitic disease, including the clinical, physiopathological, epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects, in order to be used as a practical source of reference for pediatricians leading with tropical cutaneous pathology in the region.

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Section: Clinical and Diagnostic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

American cutaneous leishmaniasis in infancy and childhood

et al. 2017

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“…Infection by these two species causes immunologically-distinct forms of secondary leishmaniasis in patients, resulting in contrasting host immune response profiles and disease outcomes. Cellular hypersensitivity against L. braziliensis can induce mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, which is characterized by extensive nasopharyngeal tissue destruction [1]. In contrast, cellular hyposensitivity against L. amazonensis can result in diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, which is characterized by uncontrolled parasite dissemination throughout the skin [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between Neutrophils and <b><i>Leishmania braziliensis</i></b> Amastigotes Facilitate Cell Activation and Parasite Clearance

Carlsen¹,

Jie

Liang

et al. 2015

J Innate Immun

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Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania amazonensis are both causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis in South America. However, patient prognosis and the host immune response differ considerably depending on the infecting parasite species. The mechanisms underlying these differences appear to be multifactorial, with both host and parasite components contributing to disease outcome. As neutrophils are a prominent component of the inflammatory infiltrate in chronic cutaneous, diffuse cutaneous and mucocutaneous lesions, we examined neutrophil activation and microbicidal activity against amastigotes of L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. We found that murine neutrophils internalized L. braziliensis amastigotes with greater efficiency than did L. amazonensis amastigotes. Additionally, L. braziliensis infection was a potent trigger for neutrophil activation, oxidative burst, degranulation and the production of interleukin (IL)-22 and IL-10, while L. amazonensis amastigotes poorly induced these responses. Finally, neutrophils were able to kill L. braziliensis amastigotes, especially when cells were activated with phorbol myristate acetate. L. amazonensis amastigotes, however, were highly resistant to neutrophil microbicidal mechanisms. This study reveals, for the first time, differential neutrophil responsiveness to distinct species of Leishmania amastigotes and highlights the complexity of neutrophil-amastigote interactions during chronic leishmaniasis.

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“…Finally, parasites of the subgenus Viannia, especially L. [V.] braziliensis, have been identified as the major etiologic agent of ICL. The histology of this picture normally shows a nodular infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the dermis, with rare macrophages and parasites (Table 1) [11,12].…”

Section: Cutaneous Leishmaniasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmaniasis in travelers: A literature review

Mansueto

Seidita

Vitale

et al. 2014

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

111

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Summary Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne protozoan infection whose clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal visceral leishmaniasis. Over the last decades, an increase in imported leishmaniasis cases in developed, non-endemic countries, have been pointed-out from a review of the international literature. Among the possible causes are increasing international tourism, influx of immigrants from endemic regions and military operations. The main area for the acquisition of cutaneous leishmaniasis, especially for adventure travelers on long-term trips in highly-endemic forested areas, is represented from South America, whereas popular Mediterranean destinations are emerging as the main areas to acquire visceral variant. Leishmaniasis should be considered in the diagnostic assessment of patients presenting with a compatible clinical syndrome and a history of travel to an endemic area, even if this occurred several months or years before. Adventure travelers, researchers, military personnel, and other groups of travelers likely to be exposed to sand flies in endemic areas, should receive counseling regarding leishmaniasis and appropriate protective measures. ª

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Intermediate/borderline disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

American cutaneous leishmaniasis in infancy and childhood

American cutaneous leishmaniasis in infancy and childhood

Interactions between Neutrophils and <b><i>Leishmania braziliensis</i></b> Amastigotes Facilitate Cell Activation and Parasite Clearance

Leishmaniasis in travelers: A literature review

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