Interlingual Errors and Intralingual Errors Found in Narrative Text Written by Efl Students in Lampung

Abstract

The current study investigates the interference of L1 (Indonesian) into L2 (English) and the errors that occur due to the influence of TL (target language). The focus of the study is on the errors committed by these EFL students in writing narrative text and emphasized on interlingual errors and intralingual errors. The objectives of the study are to investigate the errors committed by these EFL students in order to findout; (1) the types of interlingual errors and intralingual errors in Junior High School, Senior High School and University, (2) the frequencies of interlingual errors and intralingual errors in Junior High School, Senior High School and University, and (3) the similarities and differences of interlingual errors and intralingual errors in Junior High School, Senior High School and niversity. The researcher used Qualitative descriptive as the method design and writing test as the data collecting technique. The data was erroneous sentences found in the students’ narrative writing. The subjects of the study comprised 30 eight grade of SMP Muhammadiyah Pekalongan, East Lampung and 30 eleven grade SMKN 1 Pekalongan, East Lampung, and 30 fourth-year students of English Department of University of Muhammadiyah, Metro Lampung. The findings of the study suggest: (1) The types of interlingual errors andintralingual errors made by SMP, SMK and University students divided into 2 levels, they are morphological level and syntactical level. (2) the frequent of interlingual errors in Junior High School 36 cases (30.26%), in Vocation High School 39 cases (36.77%) and 9 cases (10.98%) in University. The frequent of intralingual errors in Junior High School 83 cases (69.74%), in Senior High School 70 cases (64.23%) and 73 cases (89.02%) in University, and (3) The similarities of interlingual errors and intralingual errors found in Junior High School, Vocation High School and University are 2 types. In morphological level, they are the use of L1 structures and omission of BE in nominal sentences. There are also 2 types in syntactical level, they are the use of present BE in past event and the use of present Verb in past event. The differencesof interlingual errors and intralingual errors found in SMP, SMK and University are (1) in SMP there are 8 types errors that found in the students’ writing, (2) 3 types of errors in SMK, and (3) 2 types of errors found in University.

Syntactic Error Analysis on Oral Classroom Discourse

“…Transfer errors are caused by interference from mother tongue. Moreover, a student who has not known the rules of target language will use the same rules as he obtained in his native language [27]. A good illustration of this hypothesis is the error of omission.…”

“…The third factor of intralingual errors is a false analogy or false concept hypothesized. This simply means that faulty understanding of the structure of the target language leads to false conceptualization [27]. Taking the case of Student K who committed the error of selection as shown in Example 10.…”

“…The last factor of intralingual errors is faulty categorization. This error may occur when the student fails to apply the rules completely [27]. As a case in point, Example 2 is an illustration of error of omission.…”

“…Lasaten suggested that language teachers need to encourage and expose their students to various reading materials to improve their language skills [43]. In addition, Sari suggested that teachers can help address this problem by giving clear and understandable corrective feedback and remedial teaching program to the students [27].…”

“Instructing” the Cruxes of Language Errors: Diagnosing the EFL Students’ Significant Translation Errors

“…Theoretically, the language and or the linguistic terms, which are always clung to the MT interference, are the first language (L1) influence, interlingual interference, negative transfer, transfer or interference errors, negative transference of L1, negative interference of L1, and cross-linguistic interference (Sari, 2016, Kaweera, 2013Shekhzadeh & Gheichi, 2011;James, 1998;Touchie, 1986). The interference of these terms towards the processes of translation from the SL into the TL, according to the linguists and ELT scholars (James, 1989) occurs when "the items, words, or structures in the foreign language (FL) manifest some degree of difference from, and some degree of similarity with the equivalent items or structures in the translator's L1 (James, 1989)."…”