Interleukins (IL-1A and IL-6) and the risk of Endometrial Carcinoma

Abstract

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a cancer that develops in the uterine or womb lining (Endometrium). It is the outcome of cells that have the capacity to move to other parts of the body growing abnormally. Hereditary causes account for 2-10% of all EC cases. Endometrial carcinoma develops as natural endometrial cell development is disrupted, new cells form unnecessarily, and old or weakened cells do not die when they should. The buildup of extra cells sometimes results in the formation of a mass of tissue known as a growth or tumor. This abnormal cancer cells have a number of genetic abnormalities that allow them to proliferate uncontrollably. Interleukins (ILs) are a subset of a larger group of cellular messenger molecules called cytokines, which are modulators of cellular behavior. Interleukins have role in therapeutics as well as diagnosis and prognosis as biomarker in various conditions. Additionally, it has been proposed that genetic polymorphisms in functionally important genes may be risk factors for the development of a number of malignancies, including endometrial cancer. This review pays attention to understand the risk of EC, and the importance of the effect of gene polymorphism (IL-6 rs1800795, and IL-1A rs1800587) on it. Also, their involvement in the etiology, pathogenesis, and outcome of the disease are explained, aiming to provide new insights into the pathogenesis of EC and the possibility to develop novel therapeutic approaches through targeting these genes.