Interleukin (IL)-10 Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Nephropathy: A Study of Patients from the Southeast Region of Iran

Abstract

The impact of several environmental and genetic factors on diabetes and its complications is well documented. It has also been established that cytokines play a key role in the regulation of immune responses which have been shown to be important in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Studies showed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the -592 region of interleukin-10 (IL-10) are associated with the regulation of its expression. In this study, we aimed to find polymorphisms of this region that may be associated to type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients with and without nephropathy. In this study, peripheral blood samples were collected from 100 T2D patients without nephropathy, 100 T2D patients with nephropathy, and 100 healthy controls. DNA was extracted, and a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was performed to examine the polymorphisms within the -592 region of the IL-10 gene. Our results showed a significant difference between the genotypes and alleles of the -592 region of IL-10 in nephropathic and non-nephropathic patients in comparison to the healthy controls. The differences between the two patient groups in relation to genotypes and alleles were not significant. Results of this study suggest that the functional gene polymorphism of IL-10 reported here may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, but it seems that these polymorphisms do not have an effect on the nephropathic complications of the disease.

Association of Interleukin-10 (−592A/C) Gene Polymorphism with its Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with and without Nephropathy

“…IL-10 levels increased in IL-10-(−592C/C) genotype compared to IL-10-(−592A/A) and IL-10-(−592A/C) genotypes in DN patients while such difference was not found in T2DM patients without nephropathy. Similar to our findings, IL-10-(-592C/A) genotype distribution didn't differ between T2DM patients with or without nephropathy and IL-10 (-592C/A) genotype revealed significant association with cytokine expressions in DN patients [9,14,15]. Twenty-eight polymorphisms occur in the promotor region of IL-10 gene, these polymorphisms were found to affect gene transcription and expression.…”

Association between interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in a Chinese population

“…Kung et al (2010) also reported a significant association between the -592A/C polymorphism in IL-10 and type 2 diabetic nephropathy, via altered IL-10 production. However, these results were not observed in two studies; that is, IL-10 polymorphisms were not correlated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetic nephropathy (Arababadi et al, 2012;Erdogan et al, 2012). In this study, we observed a significant correlation between the IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism and the risk of diabetic nephropathy in a Chinese population.…”

“…Several studies have also investigated the role of IL-10 polymorphisms in the development of diabetic nephropathy; however, the results of these studies are inconsistent (Babel et al, 2006;Ezzidi et al, 2009;Mtiraoui et al, 2009;Arababadi et al, 2012;Erdogan et al, 2012). Babel et al (2006) reported an association between the GG genotype of the IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism and an increased susceptibility to end-stage renal disease in German patients.…”

“…Another study reported that increased serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines are correlated with the development of diabetic nephropathy (Konenkov et al, 2015). A few studies have reported the role of the IL-10 -592C/A, -819C/T, and -1082G/A polymorphisms in susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy, but with inconsistent results (Babel et al, 2006;Mtiraoui et al, 2009;Kung et al, 2010;Arababadi et al, 2012;Erdogan et al, 2012). In this study, we have investigated the influence of the IL-10 -592C/A, -819C/T, and -1082G/A polymorphisms on the risk of diabetic nephropathy in a Chinese population.…”

c.+62G>A and g.-420C>G RETN Polymorphisms and the Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: Original Research on a Mexican Population and Meta-analysis

“…Diabetes is considered to be a polygenic disease. Many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including those in cytokine genes such as TNF-α [5], IL-6 [6], IL-10 [7], adiponectin [7], and resistin [8,9] have been reported to increase the risk of developing T2D and obesity.…”