Interleukin-6 polymorphisms and hematologic malignancy: a re-appraisal of evidence from genetic association studies

Abstract

There is accumulating evidence that the IL-6 promoter, receptor and signal transducer SNPs can modify disease susceptibility.

Risk Factors for Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses

“…35 Notably, the aggravating role of P15INK4b promoter methylation seemed rather universal, as it implicated both whites and Asians, whereas the effects of P16INK4a promoter methylation seemed confined to Asians. 35 Regarding inflammation-related molecules, a compendium of IL-6-related polymorphisms were associated with modified MM risk (rs6684439, rs2229238, rs8192284 polymorphisms in the IL-6 receptor and rs11744523 in the IL-6 signal transducer gp130), 39 in line with IL-6 as a growth factor for MM cells 79 and with the abnormally elevated serum IL-6 levels in MM patients, which may also correlate with prognosis 70,80 ; on the other hand, TNF promoter polymorphisms were not considerably associated with MM risk. 43 Finally, MTHFR C677T status seemed to modify MM risk, highlighting the role of the latter in DNA synthesis and methylation.…”

“…35 Regarding inflammation-related molecules, a series of interleukin (IL)-6erelated polymorphisms were associated with modified MM risk (rs6684439, rs2229238, rs8192284 polymorphisms in the IL-6 receptor and rs11744523 in the IL-6 signal transducer gp130), 39 but tumor necrosis factor (TNF) promoter polymorphisms did not display significant associations. 43 Finally, regarding MTHFR, C677T status seemed to modify MM risk, whereas no associations implicated A1298C polymorphism.…”

Comparative Evaluation of Recombinant Protein Production in Different Biofactories: The Green Perspective

“…The overproduction of hIL-6 and other proinflammatory cytokines is associated with severe chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) such as rheumatoid arthritis [87] and atherosclerosis [88]. The disruption of hIL-6 expression also occurs during the neurodegenerative process in Alzheimer's disease [89] and high levels of this molecule are associated with several hyperproliferative diseases and with the progression of cancer [90, 91]. …”

Association between interleukin gene polymorphisms and multiple myeloma susceptibility

“…Recently, Sultana et al, (2018) (48) indicate that the C allele of IL-1α-889 is higher in MM patients than in controls. Similarly, Ziakas et al, (2013) (50) show that the G allele of IL-1β-1464G>C was significantly associated with MM in an Asian population. Of course, the discrepancies between the mentioned studies may also be due to small sample size and ethnic differences.…”