Interleukin‐6 added to <scp>CALL</scp> score better predicts the prognosis of COVID‐19 patients

Grifoni, Elisa; Vannucchi, Vieri; Valoriani, Alice; Cei, Francesco; Lamanna, Roberta; Gelli, Anna Maria Grazia; Ciambotti, Benedetta; Moroni, Federico; Pelagatti, Lorenzo; Tarquini, Roberto; Landini, Giancarlo; Vanni, Simone; Masotti, Luca

doi:10.1111/imj.14974

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Moreover, the kinetic quantification of IL-6 levels allowed early discrimination between survivors and non-survivors [49]. These findings were in line with several other studies showing its good correlation to disease severity, the risk of needing mechanical ventilation, or death [50][51][52][53][54]. IL-6 has also been shown to be a prognostic marker of clinical worsening within 1-2 days from stage IIb to stage III.…”

Section: Cytokine Storm With Excessive Release Of Inflammatory Mediators Induced By Sars-supporting

confidence: 86%

IMPACT of PCSK9 inhibition on clinical outcome in patients during the inflammatory stage of the SARS-COV-2 infection: Rationale and protocol of the IMPACT-SIRIO 5 study

et al. 2022

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Section: Cytokine Storm With Excessive Release Of Inflammatory Mediators Induced By Sars-supporting

confidence: 86%

IMPACT of PCSK9 inhibition on clinical outcome in patients during the inflammatory stage of the SARS-COV-2 infection: Rationale and protocol of the IMPACT-SIRIO 5 study

et al. 2022

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“…First, the cells were stained with a live/dead fixable dye (Zombie Red dye, 1/800 dilution-BioLegend, San Diego, CA) for 20 min at room temperature, to exclude dying/apoptotic cells. Subsequently, cells were stained for 45 3). We optimized our tetramer staining according to protocol instructions published by Dolton et al (54).…”

Section: Flow Cytometry Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, a few studies from our group and others have detected cross-reactive CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, directed toward specific sets of conserved SARS-CoV-2 epitopes, not only from unvaccinated COVID-19 patients but also from a significant proportion (~50%) of unexposed pre-pandemic healthy individuals (UPPHI) who were never exposed to SARS-CoV-2 (1, 16, 18, 20-22, 32, 33, 41-44). Moreover, pre-existing CCCs/SARS-CoV-2 crossreactive memory CD4 + and CD8 + T cells are also present in unvaccinated UPPHI, suggesting clones of memory T cells induced following previous exposures with seasonal CCCs (1,16,21,31,41,(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50). However, it is not yet known whether these cross-reactive memory CD4 + and CD8 + T cells (i) preferentially cross-recognize the alpha CCCs (i.e., a-CCC-229E and a-CCC-NL63) or the beta CCCs (i.e., b-CCC-HKU1 and b-CCC-OC43) and (ii) the antigen specificity, frequency, phenotype, and function of the cross-reactive memory CD4 + and CD8 + T cells associated with protection against COVID-19 severity in unvaccinated asymptomatic patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High frequencies of alpha common cold coronavirus/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive functional CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells are associated with protection from symptomatic and fatal SARS-CoV-2 infections in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients

Coulon,

Prakash,

Dhanushkodi

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundCross-reactive SARS-CoV-2-specific memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are present in up to 50% of unexposed, pre-pandemic, healthy individuals (UPPHIs). However, the characteristics of cross-reactive memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells associated with subsequent protection of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients (i.e., unvaccinated individuals who never develop any COVID-19 symptoms despite being infected with SARS-CoV-2) remains to be fully elucidated.MethodsThis study compares the antigen specificity, frequency, phenotype, and function of cross-reactive memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells between common cold coronaviruses (CCCs) and SARS-CoV-2. T-cell responses against genome-wide conserved epitopes were studied early in the disease course in a cohort of 147 unvaccinated COVID-19 patients who were divided into six groups based on the severity of their symptoms.ResultsCompared to severely ill COVID-19 patients and patients with fatal COVID-19 outcomes, the asymptomatic COVID-19 patients displayed significantly: (i) higher rates of co-infection with the 229E alpha species of CCCs (α-CCC-229E); (ii) higher frequencies of cross-reactive functional CD134+CD137+CD4+ and CD134+CD137+CD8+ T cells that cross-recognized conserved epitopes from α-CCCs and SARS-CoV-2 structural, non-structural, and accessory proteins; and (iii) lower frequencies of CCCs/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive exhausted PD-1+TIM3+TIGIT+CTLA4+CD4+ and PD-1+TIM3+TIGIT+CTLA4+CD8+ T cells, detected both ex vivo and in vitro.ConclusionsThese findings (i) support a crucial role of functional, poly-antigenic α-CCCs/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, induced following previous CCCs seasonal exposures, in protection against subsequent severe COVID-19 disease and (ii) provide critical insights into developing broadly protective, multi-antigen, CD4+, and CD8+ T-cell-based, universal pan-Coronavirus vaccines capable of conferring cross-species protection.

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“…Throughout the course of the coronavirus pandemic, several risk-scoring systems have been developed with the objective of predicting the likelihood of death. These scoring systems aim to identify patients who are more likely to require intensive care support and are at higher risk of mortality [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . One such risk prediction tool is the CALL Score, devised by Ji et al, to assess the need for intensive care in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the outcome of death by CALL Score in COVID-19 patients

Sá,

de Morais,

Gonçalves

et al. 2024

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the CALL Score tool in predicting the death outcome in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A total of 897 patients were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between characteristics of the CALL Score and the occurrence of death. The relationship between CALL Score risk classification and the occurrence of death was also examined. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to identify optimal cutoff points for the CALL Score and the outcome. RESULTS: The study revealed that age>60 years, DHL>500, and lymphocyte count ≤1000 emerged as independent predictors of death. Higher risk classifications of the CALL Score were associated with an increased likelihood of death. The optimal CALL Score cutoff point for predicting the death outcome was 9.5 (≥9.5), with a sensitivity of 70.4%, specificity of 80.3%, and accuracy of 80%. CONCLUSION: The CALL Score showed promising discriminatory ability for death outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Age, DHL level, and lymphocyte count were identified as independent predictors. Further validation and external evaluation are necessary to establish the robustness and generalizability of the CALL Score in diverse clinical settings.

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Interleukin‐6 added to CALL score better predicts the prognosis of COVID‐19 patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

IMPACT of PCSK9 inhibition on clinical outcome in patients during the inflammatory stage of the SARS-COV-2 infection: Rationale and protocol of the IMPACT-SIRIO 5 study

IMPACT of PCSK9 inhibition on clinical outcome in patients during the inflammatory stage of the SARS-COV-2 infection: Rationale and protocol of the IMPACT-SIRIO 5 study

High frequencies of alpha common cold coronavirus/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive functional CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells are associated with protection from symptomatic and fatal SARS-CoV-2 infections in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients

Predicting the outcome of death by CALL Score in COVID-19 patients

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