Interleukin-31 Polymorphisms and Serum IL-31 Level in Patients with Mastocytosis: Correlation with Clinical Presen­tation and Pruritus

Abstract

Data on interleukin-31 (IL-31) involvement in the patho-genesis of mastocytosis, and its impact on pruritus development in the disease, are limited. The aim of this study was to analyse distinct IL-31 gene polymorphisms in 127 patients (age 0.5-76 years) with mastocytosis and their correlation with clinical presentation, pruritus and serum IL-31 levels. In patients with mastocytosis, the frequency of IL-31 IVS2+12AA genotype and IVS2+12A allele was higher than in control subjects and they were linked to an increased risk of development of mastocytosis. In adult patients, but not in children, -2057AA genotype was also associated with an increased risk of occurrence of mastocytosis. Pruritus affected 83.3% of 78 adult patients with mastocytosis, and a positive correlation between serum IL-31 levels and pruritus was found in these patients. In conclusion, distinct polymorphic variants of the IL-31 gene may be involved in the patho-genesis of mastocytosis, and IL-31 may be involved in the induction of pruritus in patients with mastocytosis.

The IL-31/IL-31 receptor axis: general features and role in tumor microenvironment

“…In contrast, the IVS2+12AG genotype was linked with a decreased risk of mastocytosis occurrence in both children and adults. Finally, no correlation was identified between any IL-31 gene polymorphism studied and IL-31 serum levels [44].…”

“…A recent study addressed the analysis of 3 IL-31 gene polymorphisms (IL-31-1066 G/A, IL-31-2057G/A, and IL-31 IVS2+12AG) in a large cohort of patients with mastocytosis and investigated the correlations between the incidence of such polymorphisms with serum levels of IL-31 [44]. The frequency of the IL-31 IVS2+12AA genotype and IVS2+12A allele was higher than in the control group and was associated with increased risk of mastocytosis development.…”

IL-31: A new key player in dermatology and beyond

“…Increased serum levels of IL-31 have been detected in patients with mastocytosis, 67,68 with a positive correlation between serum levels and disease severity, tryptase levels, 67 and pruritus. 68 Moreover, distinct polymorphic variants of the IL31 gene have been shown to be more common in patients with mastocytosis compared with control subjects.…”

“…Increased serum levels of IL-31 have been detected in patients with mastocytosis, 67,68 with a positive correlation between serum levels and disease severity, tryptase levels, 67 and pruritus. 68 Moreover, distinct polymorphic variants of the IL31 gene have been shown to be more common in patients with mastocytosis compared with control subjects. 68 Interestingly, increased serum levels of IL-31 were higher in KIT D816V-positive adult patients, suggesting not only the role of IL-31 in the induction of pruritus in mastocytosis but also a possible pathophysiologic association with KIT mutation-dependent manifestations of the disease.…”

Possible roles of basophils in chronic itch

“…CD4(+) Th2 cells express H4R and release IL‐31 partially through H4R reaction . IL‐31 is implicated in itch in various diseases including AD, CSU, prurigo nodularis, uraemic pruritus, mastocytosis, localized cutaneous amyloidosis and cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma . Its receptor is a heterodimeric complex comprising IL‐31 receptor A and oncostatin M receptor β that is expressed by epidermal keratinocytes, eosinophils, activated monocytes/macrophages, dorsal root ganglia neurons and peripheral nerve fibres .…”