Interleukin‐31: Its Role in Canine Pruritus and Naturally Occurring Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Gonzales, Andrea J.; Humphrey, William R.; Messamore, James E.; Fleck, Thomas J.; Fici, Gregory J.; Shelly, John A.; Teel, Janet F.; Bammert, Gary F.; Dunham, Stephen; Fuller, Troy E.; McCall, Robert B.

doi:10.1002/9781118644317.ch7

Cited by 50 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…APOQUEL was selected for development, in part, because in cellular assays, it preferentially inhibits JAK1‐dependent cytokines involved in allergy, inflammation, and pruritus (Gonzales et al ., ) over JAK2‐dependent cytokines which are associated with changes in the hematopoietic system (Ghoreschi et al ., ; Quintas‐Cardama et al ., ). Additionally, oclacitinib's inhibitory effect on IL‐31, a cytokine which plays a key role in canine pruritus, was demonstrated recently in IL‐31 and flea‐associated pruritus models as well as in naturally diseased animals (Fleck et al ., ; Gonzales et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The pharmacokinetics of oclacitinib maleate, a Janus kinase inhibitor, in the dog

Collard

Hummel

Fielder

et al. 2013

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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., Stegemann, M. R. The pharmacokinetics of oclacitinib maleate, a Janus kinase inhibitor, in the dog. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 37, 279-285.The pharmacokinetics of oclacitinib maleate was evaluated in four separate studies. The absolute bioavailability study used a crossover design with 10 dogs. The effect of food on bioavailability was investigated in a crossover study with 18 dogs. The breed effect on pharmacokinetics was assessed in a crossover study in beagles and mongrels dogs. Dose proportionality and multiple dose pharmacokinetics were evaluated in a parallel design study with eight dogs per group. In all four studies, serial blood samples for plasma were collected. Oclacitinib maleate was rapidly and well absorbed following oral administration, with a time to peak plasma concentration of <1 h and an absolute bioavailability of 89%. The prandial state of dogs did not significantly affect the rate or extent of absorption of oclacitinib maleate when dosed orally, as demonstrated by the lack of significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters between the oral fasted and oral fed treatment groups. The pharmacokinetics of oclacitinib in laboratory populations of beagles and mixed breed dogs also appeared similar. Following oral administration, the exposure of oclacitinib maleate increased dose proportionally from 0.6 to 3.0 mg/kg. Additionally, across the pharmacokinetic studies, there were no apparent differences in oclacitinib pharmacokinetics attributable to sex.(Paper

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The pharmacokinetics of oclacitinib maleate, a Janus kinase inhibitor, in the dog

Collard

Hummel

Fielder

et al. 2013

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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show abstract

“…Preliminary studies have shown that IL‐31 gene expression is increased in acute patch test reactions induced by epicutaneous application of house dust mite (HDM) allergen . Very little information is currently available about the circulating levels of IL‐31 in atopic dogs . In one study, serum IL‐31 was detectable in only 57% of privately owned atopic dogs but no correlation with the severity of dermatitis was investigated …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very little information is currently available about the circulating levels of IL‐31 in atopic dogs . In one study, serum IL‐31 was detectable in only 57% of privately owned atopic dogs but no correlation with the severity of dermatitis was investigated …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the correlation of serum IL‐31 with severity of dermatitis in an experimental model of canine atopic dermatitis using beagle dogs

Marsella

Ahrens

Sanford

2017

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -IL-31 is a cytokine that is believed to play an important role in atopic dermatitis (AD). IL-31 levels positively correlate with disease severity in children with AD. Currently, there is no study that has investigated such a correlation in atopic dogs.Hypothesis/objective -The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between IL-31 serum levels and severity of dermatitis. It was hypothesized that a positive correlation exists between severity of AD and circulating levels of IL-31.Animals -Sixteen atopic beagles experimentally sensitized to house dust mites.Methods -Atopic beagles were exposed to dust mites epicutaneously twice weekly for four weeks. Severity of dermatitis was scored by the Canine Atopic Dermatitis and Extent Severity Index, 3 rd iteration (CADESI-03) on days 0 and 28. Blood samples were taken on days 0 and 28 to measure serum IL-31 using a commercially available ELISA.Results -Correlation between CADESI-03 scores and serum IL-31 levels was not detected on day 0 (Pearson, r = À0.2609, P = 0.3291). After flare-up of dermatitis was induced with allergen exposure, a significant positive correlation was detected between serum IL-31 and CADESI-03 on Day 28 (r = 0.6738, P = 0.004).Conclusions and clinical importance -Positive correlation was detected in active disease between severity of dermatitis and circulating levels of IL-31. Additional studies are needed to investigate this correlation in other breeds of dogs and to test whether circulating levels of IL-31 may predict clinical response to biological agents aimed at IL-31.

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“…Recent research has confirmed an important mediator of itching in the dog – the cytokine IL-31 (Gonzales and others 2013). When injected into laboratory beagles it rapidly stimulated pruritic behaviour.…”

Section: Allergic Dermatosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic approach to the itchy dog

Sousa

2013

In Practice

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In practice, it can be challenging to obtain a diagnosis for the pruritic dog. Without a diagnosis it is difficult to provide the pet owner with information about the cause, the prognosis or even the appropriate treatments. This can create frustration for both the pet owner and veterinary surgeon and leads to increased chronic disease in affected dogs. The aim of this article is to provide some guidelines that will help a veterinary surgeon proceed from the first presentation of an itchy dog to a diagnosis. It also discusses the common pruritic skin diseases of the dog and how to think about and approach the diagnosis.

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Interleukin‐31: Its Role in Canine Pruritus and Naturally Occurring Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Cited by 50 publications

References 16 publications

The pharmacokinetics of oclacitinib maleate, a Janus kinase inhibitor, in the dog

The pharmacokinetics of oclacitinib maleate, a Janus kinase inhibitor, in the dog

Investigation of the correlation of serum IL‐31 with severity of dermatitis in an experimental model of canine atopic dermatitis using beagle dogs

Diagnostic approach to the itchy dog

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