Interleukin-2 receptor blockade with humanized monoclonal antibody for solid organ transplantation

Abstract

Novel applications, such as long-term use in combination with calcineurin-inhibitor dose reduction and its value in the treatment of acute or chronic rejection have yet to be explored. Since daclizumab has been withdrawn from the market, future IL-2 receptor blockade will have to be achieved with basiliximab, which is a chimeric, monoclonal antibody directed against the same epitope.

Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders Following Kidney Transplantation

“…Basiliximab is a chimeric antibody, whereas daclizumab is humanized. 41 In a study using data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients Bustami et al found a significant increased adjusted relative risk for PTLD using basiliximab or daclizumab. 42 However, other registry studies failed to find an association between anti-CD25 induction therapy and risk for PTLD, leading to the general assumption that basiliximab and daclizumab do not increase the risk for PTLD.…”

Heart transplantation and mechanical circulatory support - From established treatment to current trends in management of end-stage heart failure

“…No recent randomised trials comparing ATG with no induction exist. Trials comparing IL-2R antagonists with no induction have shown contradictory results [19,20]. Alemtuzumab was analysed against no induction in a large retrospective study showing a significant reduction in rejection episodes.…”

Repeated immune and non immune insults to the graft after heart transplantation

“…Recently, there has been the introduction of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil in maintenance immunosuppressive therapy. New immunosuppressive drugs are represented by monoclonal antibodies and agents that inhibit proliferative signals [71]. Rituximab is used with great success in AMR treatment.…”

“…It is a monoclonal chimeric antibody directed against CD20, previously used to reduce pre-sensitization in heart transplantation candidates [72]. A current approach, in early post heart transplantation, provides the combination therapy with calcineurin inhibitors, anti-proliferative agents and gluco-corticosteroids; maintenance therapy includes the same drug combination but at lower doses [68][69][70][71].…”

“…In this regard, there are several controlled ongoing clinical trials [69] (Table 1). Some clinical trials are focused on the thymoglobulin induction therapy to prevent CAV development [71]. The polyclonal nature of thymoglobulin is target of all the potential mechanisms that contribute to CAV onset as T and B-cell activation, antibody production, induction of tolerance, and modulation of lymphocyte-endothelium interactions [72,73].…”