Interleukin-2

Thorpe, Robin

doi:10.1016/b978-012498340-3/50003-8

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…IL‐2 is a major factor regulating growth, proliferation and activation of T lymphocytes. It can inhibit (similar to IL‐1) apoptosis of T‐cell precursors during the selection process in the thymus (Thorpe, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of fluoroquinolones on subsets of T lymphocytes in normothermic and hyperthermic mice

Szczypka¹,

Obmińska-Mrukowicz²

2003

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The subsets of T lymphocytes in thymus, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes were investigated in normothermic and hyperthermic mice treated with fluoroquinolones administered orally six times at 24 h intervals at doses of 15 or 75 mg/kg (flumequine, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin) and 5 or 25 mg/kg (enrofloxacin). It has been found that fluoroquinolones can modulate CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ marker expression on thymocytes, splenocytes and lymphocytes of mesenteric lymph nodes. Flumequine (15 mg/kg) decreased the percentage of immature CD4+CD8+ thymic cells and increased the percentage of mature CD4+ and CD8+. When the dose of flumequine was increased to 75 mg/kg a reduction in the maturation of thymocytes was observed. Administration of flumequine, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin, irrespective of doses applied, increased the percentages of CD3+ splenocytes of CD4+ spleen cells. Exposure to enrofloxacin decreased the percentage of T helper-inducer cells. Flumequine and ciprofloxacin augmented the percentage of CD3+ mesenteric lymph node cells and increased the percentage of CD8+ cells. In contrast, norfloxacin and enrofloxacin decreased the percentage of CD3+ mesenteric lymph node cells and the percentage of CD4+ cells. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli (25 micro g/mouse) increased the percentage of single-positive CD4+ thymocytes, but did not affect the percentage of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node cells. Flumequine and ciprofloxacin administered to mice pior to LPS potentiated its stimulant effect on the maturation of thymic cells ( increased percentage of mature CD4+ and CD8+ thymocytes). Pre-treatment with norfloxacin or enrofloxacin either reduced or did not modify the stimulant effect of LPS on maturation of thymic cells. Flumequine, norfloxacin, enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin administered prior to LPS decreased the percentage of CD8+ splenocytes and increased the percentage of CD4+ spleen cells. Norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin at a dose of 75 mg/kg reduced the percentage of CD8+ mesenteric lymph node cells in hyperthermic mice. Pretreatment with norfloxacin at a dose of 15 mg/kg augmented the percentage of mesenteric lymph node cells. It was concluded that the modulating effects of fluoroquinolones depends on the chemial structure of drugs, dose administered as well as immunologic status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of fluoroquinolones on subsets of T lymphocytes in normothermic and hyperthermic mice

Szczypka¹,

Obmińska-Mrukowicz²

2003

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…IL2 activates the cell-mediated immune response and induces the production of other cytokines, such as IFNγ and IL-4, by paracrine and autocrine mechanisms. 24 IFNγ induces the expression of major histocompatibility complex class-II molecules, thereby favouring the presentation of the antigen and stimulating a specific immune response. Furthermore, it induces the activation of monocytes and macrophages and their production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological changes in patients with primary osteoarthritis of the hip after total joint replacement

Granchi

Savarino

Ciapetti

et al. 2003

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume

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e aimed to assess whether the immunological abnormalities which have been observed in patients with loose total hip replacements (THRs) are present in patients with a well-fixed prosthesis.We examined blood samples from 39 healthy donors, 22 patients before THR and 41 with well-fixed THRs of different types (15 metal-on-metal, 13 metal-onpolyethylene, 13 ceramic-on-ceramic). Before THR, the patients showed a decrease in leukocytes and myeloid cells in comparison with healthy donors, and a prevalence of type-1 T lymphocytes, which was confirmed by the increase in ratio of interferon-γ γ γ γ to interleukin 4. Moreover, patients with metal-on-metal or metal-on-polyethylene implants showed a significant decrease in the number of T lymphocytes and a significant increase in the serum level of chromium and cobalt, although no significant correlation was observed with the immunological changes. In the ceramic-onceramic group, leukocytes and lymphocyte subsets were not significantly changed, but a significant increase in type-2 cytokines restored the ratio of interferon-γ γ γ γ to interleukin 4 to normal values.We conclude that abnormalities of the cell-mediated immune response may be present in patients with a wellfixed THR, and that the immunological changes are more evident in those who have at least one metal component in the articular coupling.J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 2003;85-B:758-64.

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“…The IL2 receptor ␤ chain is also a subunit of the IL15 receptor, and the ␥ subunit is shared by other interleukin receptors, namely IL4, IL7, IL9, and IL15 receptors. IL2 receptor subunits are also expressed in nonlymphoid cell types, including human fibroblasts, endothelial, epithelial, and neuronal cells (Thorpe, 1998). Only the ␤ and ␥ subunits are able to transduce the IL2 signal, but none of the chains has tyrosine kinase activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin 2 Receptors and Detergent-Resistant Membrane Domains Define a Clathrin-Independent Endocytic Pathway

et al. 2001

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Clathrin-dependent endocytosis has long been presented as the only efficient mechanism by which transmembrane receptors are internalized. We selectively blocked this process using dominant-negative mutants of Eps15 and showed that clathrin-mediated endocytosis of transferrin was inhibited, while endocytosis of interleukin 2 (IL2) receptors proceeded normally. Ultrastructural and biochemical experiments showed that clathrin-independent endocytosis of IL2 receptors exists constitutively in lymphocytes and is coupled to their association with detergent-resistant membrane domains. Finally, clathrin-independent endocytosis requires dynamin and is specifically regulated by Rho family GTPases. These results define novel properties of receptor-mediated endocytosis and establish that the IL2 receptor is efficiently internalized through this clathrin-independent pathway.

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Interleukin-2

Cited by 9 publications

References 147 publications

Comparative effects of fluoroquinolones on subsets of T lymphocytes in normothermic and hyperthermic mice

Comparative effects of fluoroquinolones on subsets of T lymphocytes in normothermic and hyperthermic mice

Immunological changes in patients with primary osteoarthritis of the hip after total joint replacement

Interleukin 2 Receptors and Detergent-Resistant Membrane Domains Define a Clathrin-Independent Endocytic Pathway

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