Interleukin-1ß induces the novel adipokine chemerin in adipocytes in vitro

Differential Patterns of Serum Concentration and Adipose Tissue Expression of Chemerin in Obesity: Adipose Depot Specificity and Gender Dimorphism

“…Although chemerin is among the adipokines that are present at statistically lower levels in "insulin sensitive-" obese individuals than "insulin resistant-" obese individuals (Klöting et al, 2010), several in vitro studies have produced conflicting results. Some research groups have shown that in the 3T3-L1 cell line, increased chemerin expression resulted in increased insulininduced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and glucose uptake (Takahashi et al, 2008); however, other groups have demonstrated the reverse in the same cell line, where chemerin significantly decreased insulin stimulated-glucose uptake, indicating insulin resistance (Kralisch et al, 2009). Furthermore, there have been reports with conflicting results where chemerin expression was examined as a function of insulin sensitivity in response to thiazolidinediones (TZDs).…”

“…Although most of the published data support a proinflammatory role for chemerin Kralisch et al, 2009;Parlee et al, 2010), some studies have related chemerin expression to anti-inflammatory actions (Cash et al, 2008;Luangsay et al, 2009). These conflicting results can potentially be explained by the presence of multiple chemerin-derived peptides.…”

“…Later studies characterized chemerin as an adipokine with a potential role in regulating adipocyte development in vitro and metabolic functions, such as glucose and lipid metabolism, in adipose tissue (Goralski et al, 2007). Chemerin has been shown to affect insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (Kralisch et al, 2009;Takahashi et al, 2008). Compared with lean animals, chemerin gene expression is elevated in the adipose tissue of obese animals, and expression levels are markedly elevated during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into mature adipocytes (Bozaoglu et al, 2007).…”

La chémérine

“…Comme chez les rongeurs, les niveaux circulants de chémérine chez l'homme sont corrélés positivement avec l'indice de masse corporelle, le taux de triglycérides et les niveaux plasmatiques de cytokines inflammatoires [21,22]. In vitro, la synthèse de chémérine par les adipocytes humains ou murins est induite par les cytokines pro-inflammatoires comme l'interleukine-1 et le TNF- (tumor necrosis factor) [30]. Parlee et al ont ainsi observé que l'exposition au TNF- augmentait la concentration de chémérine active dans le milieu de culture [23].…”

“…Chez la vache, Muruganandan et son équipe ont montré que le gène codant la chémérine possède aussi, dans sa région promotrice, des éléments de réponse à PPAR- (peroxisome proliferator response element -PPRE), ce qui est en accord avec les données de Suzuki et al qui ont observé une augmentation simultanée de l'expression de PPAR-2 et de la chémérine au cours de la différenciation des adipocytes bovins [31,35]. Dans les adipocytes 3T3-L1, la chémérine recombinante inhibe le captage de glucose en réponse à l'insuline [30]. Cependant, l'injection de chémérine recombinante in vivo n'a pas d'effet sur le captage du glucose par le tissu adipeux chez la souris [24].…”