Interleukin-12 enhances the virus-specific interferon gamma response of pigs to an inactivated pseudorabies virus vaccine

Zuckermann, Federico A.; Husmann, Robert J.; Schwartz, Richard S.; Brandt, Julie; Mateu, Enric; Martin, Stephen J.

doi:10.1016/s0165-2427(98)00082-8

Cited by 83 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The lower levels of maternally derived ADVspecific antibodies by the time of the second vaccination, usually two to four weeks later, would allow for the priming of the immune system and development of active immunity. The second possible explanation relates to the fact that even in young pigs with no passive ADV immunity, two vaccinations stimulate a stronger humoral and cellular immune response than one vaccination [4,51,61]. The route of immunization is also important.…”

Section: Immunity To Inactivated and Modified Live Aujeszky's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimentally, protective immunity can be induced by inoculation with both live and inactivated ADV vaccines [12,56,61]. However, although both vaccines protect immunized animals from death and/or severe illness due to wild-type ADV challenge, the clinical response has measurable differences [53].…”

Section: Immunity To Inactivated and Modified Live Aujeszky's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weight changes observed within seven days after ADV challenge has been shown to be a sensitive, reproducible and statistically sound parameter that allows the quantification of the level of protective immunity conferred by different ADV vaccines [46]. Use of this measurement has demonstrated that indeed inactivated vaccines are less effective than live vaccines at inducing protective immunity [11,50,51,61]. Immunization with both inactivated and MLV virus vaccines induce a strong humoral immune response.…”

Section: Immunity To Inactivated and Modified Live Aujeszky's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunization with both inactivated and MLV virus vaccines induce a strong humoral immune response. In both cases this response is characterized by the presence of high titers of virus-neutralizing antibodies [11,21,61]. However, since the inactivated vaccines are less able to induce protective immunity, it becomes apparent that a high titer of virus-neutralizing antibodies is not necessarily associated with the presence of protective immunity [20,27,51,52]).…”

Section: Immunity To Inactivated and Modified Live Aujeszky's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Aujeszky's disease virus: opportunities and challenges

Zuckermann¹

2000

Vet. Res.

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-Since its description in 1902, Aujeszky's disease (AD) has become one of the most thoroughly examined viral diseases of swine. The causative agent, Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), is a neurotropic alphaherpesvirus that produces fatal encephalitis in newborn pigs and a milder syndrome in older animals. In several instances this virus has been used as a test case to examine novel vaccine concepts in swine, including the honor of being the first genetically modified vaccine used in the field. Furthermore, the examination of the immune response to infection or vaccination with this virus has revealed important information about the function of the porcine immune system, including evidence on the existence of a dichotomy between the humoral and cellular immune response in swine. This review presents a summary of research where ADV has been a valuable tool for the development of novel vaccines and has provided information to better understand the immune response of swine to infectious agents. Aujeszky's disease virus / immunity / vaccine / T cells / pigRésumé -Virus de la maladie d'Aujeszky : perspectives et défis. Depuis sa description en 1902, la maladie d'Aujeszky est devenue l'une des maladies virales du porc les plus minutieusement étu-diées. L'agent pathogène responsable de la maladie, le virus de la maladie d'Aujeszky, est un alphaherpesvirus neurotrope qui provoque des encéphalites fatales chez le porc nouveau-né, et un syndrome plus modéré chez les animaux plus âgés. À plusieurs reprises, ce virus a été utilisé expérimentalement pour l'étude de nouveaux concepts vaccinaux chez le porc, et a eu l'honneur d'être le premier vaccin génétiquement modifié utilisé sur le terrain. De plus, l'examen de la réponse immunitaire à l'infection ou à la vaccination par ce virus a révélé des informations importantes concernant le fonctionnement du système immunitaire porcin. En particulier, des preuves de l'existence d'une dichotomie entre les réponses immunitaires humorale et cellulaire chez le porc ont été mises en évidence. Cet article de synthèse résume la recherche pour laquelle ADV a été un outil précieux pour le déve-loppement de nouveaux vaccins, et a apporté des informations pour une meilleure compréhension de la réponse immunitaire du porc aux agents infectieux. Vet. Res. 31 (2000) 121-131 121 virus de la maladie d'Aujeszky / immunité / vaccin / cellules T / porc

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Section: Immunity To Inactivated and Modified Live Aujeszky's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunity To Inactivated and Modified Live Aujeszky's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunity To Inactivated and Modified Live Aujeszky's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunity To Inactivated and Modified Live Aujeszky's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Aujeszky's disease virus: opportunities and challenges

Zuckermann¹

2000

Vet. Res.

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“…In fact, neutralizing antibody levels in such animals showed a tendency to decline at 80 DPV. As neutralizing antibody levels in such dams were already relatively high, it is possible that the vaccine virus could have been inactivated by the host's defense mechanisms, such as shown for pseudorabies virus (PrV) in swine (Zuckermann et al 1998).…”

Section: Resul Resul Resul Resul Results Ts Ts Ts Tsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field evaluation of safety during gestation and horizontal spread of a recombinant differential bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) vaccine

et al. 2005

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Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) is recognized as a major cause of respiratory, reproductive disease and abortion in cattle. Vaccination is widely applied to minimize losses induced by BoHV-1 infections; however, vaccination of dams during pregnancy with modified live virus (MLV) vaccines has been occasionally associated to abortions. We have previously reported the development of a BoHV-1 recombinant virus, constructed with basis on a Brazilian BoHV-1 (Franco et al. 2002a) from which the gene coding for glycoprotein E (gE) was deleted (gE-) by genetic manipulation. Such recombinant has been previously evaluated in its potential as a differential vaccine (gE- vaccine) that allows differentiation between vaccinated and infected animals. Here, in the first part of the present study, the safety of the gE- vaccine during pregnancy was evaluated by the intramuscular inoculation of 10(7.4) tissue culture 50 % infective doses (TCID50) of the virus into 22 pregnant dams (14 BoHV-1 seronegative; 8 seropositive), at different stages of gestation. Other 15 pregnant dams were kept as non-vaccinated controls. No abortions, stillbirths or fetal abnormalities were seen after vaccination. Seroconversion was observed in both groups of previously seronegative vaccinated animals. In the second part of the study, the potential of the gE- vaccine virus to spread among beef cattle under field conditions was examined. Four heifers were inoculated intranasally with a larger amount (10(7,6) TCID50) of the gE- vaccine (to increase chances of transmission) and mixed with other sixteen animals at the same age and body condition, in the same grazing area, at a population density equal to the average cattle farming density within the region (one cattle head per 10,000 m²), for 180 days. All animals were monitored daily for clinical signs. Serum samples were collected on days 0, 30, 60 and 180 post-vaccination. Seroconversion was observed only in vaccinated heifers. These results indicate that, under the conditions of the present study, the gE- vaccine virus did not cause any noticeable harmful effect on pregnant dams and on its offspring and did not spread horizontally among cattle.

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