Interleukin-1 signal transduction

A role for SHPS-1/SIRPα1 in IL-1β- and TNFα-dependent signaling

“…Proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1b and TNFa, regulate various cell functions including growth, survival and immune response through the MEK1-MAPK and the PI3K-Akt pathways (Dinarello and Wolff, 1993;Dinarello, 1994Dinarello, , 1996Bankers-Fulbright et al, 1996;Yang et al, 2000;Sizemore et al, 1999;Madge and Pober, 2000). Although the signaling elements proximal to MAPK and Akt have been extensively studied (BankersFulbright et al, 1996;Yang et al, 2000;Sizemore et al, 1999;Ozes et al, 1999), linkage of these elements with signaling molecules proximal to the receptor still remains unknown.…”

Transcriptional Regulation of Interleukin-1β Gene by Interleukin-1β Itself Is Mediated in Part by Oct-1 in Thymic Stromal Cells

“…Of note, pretreatment with the phosphatase inhibitor sodium orthovanadate blocked IL-1 induction of IL-1␤ transcription in TSC. 2 However, our observed recruitment of Oct-1 to the DNA-protein complex in response to IL-1 may not necessarily be a result of modification of Oct-1 itself but rather an accessory protein that then facilitates Oct-1 binding. Additional studies to examine IL-1-induced modifications of Oct-1 and the IL-1 signaling cascade in TSC as well as other IL-1 target cells are necessary to clarify the mechanism and cell/target gene specificity.…”

“…20). 2 Growth of these cells resembles tumor cells at the permissive temperature (33°C) and reverts to a normal phenotype at the nonpermissive temperature (39°C), which is also the normal temperature for bovine cells. These cells were routinely maintained at 33°C in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/F-12 (Life Technologies, Inc.), 100 units/ml penicillin G, 100 g/ml streptomycin (Life Technologies, Inc.), and 5% fetal bovine serum (Hyclone; Logan, UT).…”

“…Although it is primarily recognized as an inflammatory agent, it exerts diverse effects on numerous cell types (for reviews, see Refs. [1][2][3][4][5]. Two distinct agonists, IL-1␣ and IL-1␤, are encoded by distinct but closely related genes, and are produced by several cell types.…”

Positive inotropic effect of ceramide in adult ventricular myocytes: mechanisms dissociated from its reduction in Ca2+influx

“…In isolated hearts, ceramide increased LV developed pressure and maximum rates of contraction and relaxation at balloon volumes of 30-50 l. In summary, regardless of decreasing ICa,L, ceramide elicits distinct positive inotropic and lusitropic effects, resulting probably from enhanced SR Ca 2ϩ release and uptake, and increased Ca 2ϩ sensitivity of ventricular myocytes. calcium; lipid metabolites; excitation-contraction coupling; contractile function; sphingolipid; heart CERAMIDE (N-acylated sphingosines), a naturally occurring sphingolipid, is produced predominantly by the activation of neutral and/or lysosomal acidic sphingomyelinase (4,20,22). With the use of a natural form of ceramide and exogenous, membrane-permeable, synthetic ceramides with a short carbon chain (e.g., C 2 -ceramide), studies have shown that ceramides mediate some biological effects of IL-1␤ and TNF-␣, two primary proinflammatory cytokines (32).…”