Interleukin‐1α and tumor necrosis factor‐α expression during the early phases of orthodontic tooth movement in rats

Abstract

Remodelling of the periodontium after application of mechanical forces constitutes the basis of clinical orthodontics and various immunoregulatory molecules are involved in this process. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the cytokines interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in dental tissues during the early phases of orthodontic tooth movement. Eightteen male Wistar rats were used. All maxillary right first molars were moved orthodontically, with a force of 0.5 N, for 3 h, 1 d, and 3 d. The contralateral sides served as untreated controls. Parasagittal sections of the maxillary molars and the surrounding tissues were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for IL-1alpha or TNF-alpha, and were evaluated with light microscopy. IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha were expressed in the bone and periodontal ligament (PDL) along the roots of the orthodontically moved molars and in the gingiva. Increased expression of both cytokines was observed in the aforementioned areas after 1 and 3 d of tooth movement. The pulp tissue exhibited only minor changes in cytokine expression during tooth movement. The results suggest that mechanical stress results in almost immediate inflammatory reactions in various dental tissues.

The Inflammatory Radicular Cysts Have Higher Concentration of TNF-α in Comparison to Odontogenic Keratocysts (Odontogenic Tumour)

“…The role of cytokines in inflammation and bone remodeling has been extensively investigated during the last decade (5,7,22,26). Previous literature data indicated that TNF-α among other cytokines, can be closely associated with ethiopathogenesis of radicular cysts (6,16,19).…”

“…TNF-α mostly triggers apoptosis and necrosis in sensitive tissues and has been linked to osteomyelitis and apical periodontitis, but it can also participate, in skeletal homeostasis, including osteoclastic formation, and bone resorption in the maxillofacial region. TNF-α, among other cytokines, can regulate fibroblast activity and collagen formation through modulation of collagenase activity (5,7,22,26). In addition, TNF-α can induce low dose proliferation of several cells and can be one of the reasons for tumour growth (13,14).…”

The Trend of the Technicity Index of Hysterectomy in a Tertiary Hospital in sub – Sahara Africa

“…Analysis of intraoperative and postoperative complications revealed a high morbidity for laparotomy largely due to hemorrhage (11 cases, 9.4 %) and fever (11 cases, 9.4%); These complications were rare for mini-invasive routes: hemorrhage (1 case; 0.8%) and fever ( 1 case; 0.8%). In hysterectomy performed by mini-invasive routes inflammation is reduced, hemostasis is precise and particularly in laparoscopy due to amplification of pelvic structures, reducing by thus the inflammatory surface area and blood collections which breed pyrogenic substances (19,20) . As a result, an increase in the technical index makes it possible to minimize not only the morbidity and stay in hospital but also the global cost of management.…”

Compressive Force Induces the Expression of Bone Remodeling-Related Proteins via Interleukin-11 Production in MC3T3-E1 Cells

“…Cytokines, such as interleukins (IL)-1, -6, -8, and -11 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and prostaglandin (PG) E 2 released from periodontal ligament fibroblasts and alveolar bone osteoblasts can alter the normal process of bone remodeling, resulting in physiological bone resorption or bone formation [1][2][3][4][5][6] . The levels of these cytokines increase in the gingival crevicular fluid of teeth during orthodontic tooth movement.…”