Interlayer Adhesion Analysis of 3D-Printed Continuous Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Composites

Kuncius, Tomas; Rimašauskas, Marius; Rimašauskienė, Rūta

doi:10.3390/polym13101653

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In [ 24 ], it is stated that the crack propagation for FDM parts will take place between the two layers if the load is applied perpendicular to the print orientation. In [ 25 ], it was found that the load resistance can be increased by reducing the layer thickness, and with an increased shear area, the value of shear force increase proportionally, as in the case of O samples in this study. In [ 16 ], the authors stated that the infill density should be maximized in order to maximize the strength and resistance to failure.…”

Section: Effect Of the Contour Lines And Stress Distributionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Layer Adhesion Test of Additively Manufactured Pins: A Shear Test

2021

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Additive Manufacturing (AM) became a popular engineering solution not only for Rapid Prototyping (RP) as a part of product development but as an effective solution for producing complex geometries as fully functional components. Even the modern engineering tools, such as the different simulation software, have a shape optimization solution especially for parts created by AM. To extend the application of these methods in this work, the failure properties of the 3D-printed parts have been investigated via shear test measurements. The layer adhesion can be calculated based on the results, which can be used later for further numerical modeling. In conclusion, it can be stated that the layer formation and the structure of the infill have a great influence on the mechanical properties. The layers formed following the conventional zig-zag infill style show a random failure, and the layers created via extruded concentric circles show more predictable load resistance.

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Section: Effect Of the Contour Lines And Stress Distributionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Layer Adhesion Test of Additively Manufactured Pins: A Shear Test

2021

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“…Fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing has been widely utilized in various industries due to its custom design and cost effectiveness [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. FDM 3D printing products have formed by the layer-by-layer deposition, which exhibited anisotropic characteristic and drawbacks such as poor interlayer adhesion, incomplete printing, shrinkage and low dimension accuracy resulting in low mechanical performance and their structural failure [3,5,[7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FDM 3D printing products have formed by the layer-by-layer deposition, which exhibited anisotropic characteristic and drawbacks such as poor interlayer adhesion, incomplete printing, shrinkage and low dimension accuracy resulting in low mechanical performance and their structural failure [3,5,[7][8][9]. The selection of filaments and the controlled printing conditions can be optimized for improving the drawbacks and obtaining superior mechanical performance of the FDM 3D printing products [1,2,[10][11][12]. Polymer filaments are feedstocks for the FDM 3D printing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Behavior and Dynamic Mechanical Properties for Interpretation of Layer Adhesion in FDM 3D Printing

Thumsorn

Prasong²,

Kurose

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Commercial filaments of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites with particulate filler, carbon fiber, and copper powder with different contents were fabricated by FDM 3D printing in XZ-direction at bed temperatures of 45 °C and 60 °C. The effects of additives and bed temperatures on layer adhesion, fracture behavior, and mechanical performance of the PLA composites 3D printing were evaluated. Rheological properties informed viscous nature of all filaments and interface bonding in the PLA composites, which improved printability and dimensional stability of the 3D printing. Crystallinity of the PLA composites 3D printing increased with increasing bed temperature resulting in an improvement of storage modulus, tensile, and flexural properties. On the contrary, the ductility of the 3D printing was raised when printed at low bed temperature. Dynamic mechanical properties, the degree of entanglement, the adhesion factor, the effectiveness coefficient, the reinforcing efficiency factor, and the Cole–Cole analysis were used to understand the layer adhesion, and the interfacial interaction of the composites as compared to the compression molded sheets. SEM images revealed good adhesion between the additives and the PLA matrix. However, the additives induced faster solidification and showed larger voids in the 3D printing, which indicated lower layer adhesion as compared to neat PLA. It can be noted that the combination of the additives and the optimized 3D printing conditions would be obtain superior mechanical performance even layer adhesion has been restricted.

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“…In this project, the influences of the main FFF printing parameters were studied by the characterization of different materials subjected to destructive uniaxial tensile tests [ 7 , 8 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Even though there is still not an abundant number of publications referring to these emerging technologies, with regard to specific processes using the FFF technique, a large number of studies have been conducted to analyze the behaviors of specimens using different criteria, highlighting the porosity [ 46 , 47 ], dimensional accuracy [ 48 , 49 , 50 ], influence of temperature [ 11 ] and the rheological behavior [ 51 ], coating and impregnation of reinforcement fibers [ 52 , 53 , 54 ], part distortion [ 55 , 56 ], Domingo-Espin et al on fatigue behavior [ 57 , 58 ], and bond formation [ 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Infill Pattern on Mechanical Behavior of Polymeric and Composites Specimens Manufactured Using Fused Filament Fabrication Technology

2021

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This paper presents the results of a comparative evaluation of the tensile strength behaviors of parts obtained by additive manufacturing using fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. The study investigated the influences of the deposition printing parameters for both polymers and fiber-reinforced polymers. Polymeric materials that are widely used in FFF were selected, including acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and nylon. Carbon and glass continuous fibers were used to reinforce the nylon matrix in composite materials. The study utilized two manufacturing methods. Polymers were manufactured using an Ultimaker 2 Extended+ device and the fiber-reinforced polymer specimens were obtained using a Markforged Mark Two printer. The entire set of specimens was eventually subjected to destructive monoaxial tensile tests to measure their responses. The main goal of this study was to estimate the effect of the different infill patterns applied (zig-zag, concentric, and four different orientations lines) on the mechanical properties of pure thermoplastic materials and reinforced polymers. Results show a spectacular increase in the tensile stress at break, which for polymers reaches an average value of 27.53 MPa compared to 94.51 MPa in the case of composites (increase of 70.87%). A similar increase occurs in the case of tensile stress at yield with values of 31.87 MPa and 105.98 MPa, respectively, which represents an increase of 69.93%. The influence of the infill of the fiber is decisive, reaching, in the 0-0 arrangement, mean values of 220.18 MPa for tensile stress at break and 198.26 MPa for tensile stress at yield.

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Interlayer Adhesion Analysis of 3D-Printed Continuous Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Composites

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Layer Adhesion Test of Additively Manufactured Pins: A Shear Test

Layer Adhesion Test of Additively Manufactured Pins: A Shear Test

Rheological Behavior and Dynamic Mechanical Properties for Interpretation of Layer Adhesion in FDM 3D Printing

Influence of Infill Pattern on Mechanical Behavior of Polymeric and Composites Specimens Manufactured Using Fused Filament Fabrication Technology

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