Interlaminar shear behavior of continuous and short carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites fabricated by additive manufacturing

Yavas, Denizhan; Zhang, Ziyang; Liu, Qingyang; Wu, Dazhong

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108460

Cited by 84 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…For dense (100% infill) CGFR-nylon various mechanical properties were reported: TS = 450 MPa and elastic modulus (E) = 7.2 GPa at 35 vol.% Vf (Goh et al , 2018); TS = 194 MPa, E = 3.1 GPa, elongation at break ϵ f = 9.0% at 8 vol.% Vf (Dickson et al , 2017); and TS = 206 MPa, E = 3.8 GPa and ϵ f = 8.4% at 10 vol.% Vf (Dickson et al , 2017). Other types of mechanical tests on FFFed continuous fiber reinforced composites include, but not limited to: three-point bend, compression, and short beam shear (Araya-Calvo et al , 2018; Heidari-Rarani et al , 2019; Chacón et al , 2019; Caminero et al , 2021; Yavas et al , 2021; Yu et al , 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fiber content and fiber orientation on mechanical behavior of fused filament fabricated continuous-glass-fiber-reinforced nylon

Luke

Soares

Marshall

et al. 2021

RPJ

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Purpose Fused filament fabrication of continuous-fiber-reinforced polymers is a promising technique to achieve customized high-performance composites. However, the off-axis tensile strength (TS) and Mode I fracture toughness of fused filament fabricated (FFFed) continuous-glass-fiber-reinforced (CGFR) nylon are unknown. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mechanical and fracture behavior of FFFed CGFR nylon with various fiber content and off-axis fiber alignment. Design/methodology/approach Tensile tests were performed on FFFed CGFR-nylon with 9.5, 18.9 and 28.4 fiber vol. %. TS was tested with fiber orientations between 0∘ and 90∘ at 15∘ intervals. Double cantilever beam tests were performed to reveal the Mode I fracture toughness of FFFed composites. Findings TS increased with increasing fiber vol. % from 122 MPa at 9.5 vol. % to 291 MPa at 28 vol. %. FFFed nylon with a triangular infill resulted in 37 vol. % porosity and a TS of 12 MPa. Composite samples had 11–12 vol. % porosity. TS decreased by 78% from 291 MPa to 64 MPa for a change in fiber angle θ from 0∘ (parallel to the tensile stress) to 15∘. TS was between 27 and 17 MPa for 300 < θ < 900. Mode I fracture toughness of all the composites were lower than ∼332 J/m2. Practical implications Practical applications of FFFed continuous-fiber-reinforced (CFR) nylon should be limited to designs where tensile stresses align within 15∘ of the fiber orientation. Interlayer fracture toughness of FFFed CFR composites should be confirmed for product designs that operate under Mode I loading. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study showing the effects of fiber orientation on the mechanical behavior and effects of the fiber content on the Mode I fracture toughness of FFFed CGFR nylon.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fiber content and fiber orientation on mechanical behavior of fused filament fabricated continuous-glass-fiber-reinforced nylon

Luke

Soares

Marshall

et al. 2021

RPJ

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“…This test is widely used in the quality control of fiber‐reinforced composites, [ 5,6 ] but it can be very useful in the study of layer by layer adhesion quality of printed parts. [ 7,8 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM): New Standards for Mechanical Characterization

Tosto

Saitta

Pergolizzi

et al. 2021

Macromolecular Symposia

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Different materials from polycarbonate to polyetherimide are analyzed to account for the effects of different printing settings on the mechanical properties of parts printed by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The materials chosen are engineering polymers specifically developed for functional applications. However, the two polymers differ in terms of melt temperature and viscosity thus resulting in different printing quality. The aim of the work is to elucidate the different mechanical performance by selecting the printing and testing settings to obtain statistically significant results. As the result of this study, some useful guidelines are drawn to develop standard procedures for the mechanical characterization of FDM printed parts.

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“…Recent work by Wu investigated mixtures of continuous and short carbon fiber filaments in AM and found that the short fiber Interlaminar Shear Strength (ILSS) to be significantly smaller than that of continuous, although some synergy was found in mixing these materials. [20] In this study, a similar investigation was undertaken using carbon fiber reinforced PA6 with respect to in-fill orientation and comparison to compression molded samples. To ensure a fair comparison, a short carbon fiber-polymer filament was used in the AM component of this study, which was then pelletized, and compression molded into composite plates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of compression molded and additively manufactured short carbon fiber reinforced polyamide‐6 samples and the effect of different infill printing patterns

et al. 2021

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Tensile samples were 3D printed using a commercially available 3D printing material, and the same material was pelletized and hot-pressed. The samples had a 0 , ±45 , and a 90 filling orientation and their tensile modulus and tensile strength of the samples were determined and compared between fabrication methods. A tensile modulus of 7.56 ± 0.35 GPa (0 ), 5.10 ± 0.13 GPa (±45 ), and 4.05 ± 0.13 GPa (90 ) was found, and the same trend was found for the tensile strength, 92.0 ± 9.5 MPa (0 ), 63.3 ± 8.3 MPa (±45 ), and 58.7 ± 2.2 MPa (90 ). The hot-pressed samples possessed a tensile modulus of 8.13 ± 0.8 GPa and tensile strength of 98.3 ± 6.8 MPa, very similar to that of the 0 printed samples. These results could be attributed to the printing mechanism and poor adhesion between each deposited composite layer was observed, contributing to the depressed properties. Thermogravimetric analysis was conducted and the carbon fiber content per weight of the commercially sourced printing material was determined to be 13.9%, and the length of the filaments showed that more than 50% of all measured fragments were between 50 and 150 μm.

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Interlaminar shear behavior of continuous and short carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites fabricated by additive manufacturing

Cited by 84 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of fiber content and fiber orientation on mechanical behavior of fused filament fabricated continuous-glass-fiber-reinforced nylon

Effect of fiber content and fiber orientation on mechanical behavior of fused filament fabricated continuous-glass-fiber-reinforced nylon

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM): New Standards for Mechanical Characterization

A comparison of compression molded and additively manufactured short carbon fiber reinforced polyamide‐6 samples and the effect of different infill printing patterns

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