Interlaboratory comparison exercise for the determination of As, Cd, Ni and Pb in PM10 in Europe

Gerboles, Michel; Buzica, Daniela; Brown, Richard; Yardley, R E; Hanus-Illnar, Andrea; Salfinger, Max; Vallant, Birgit; Adriaenssens, E.; Claeys, Natacha; Roekens, Edward; Šega, Krešimir; Jurasović, Jasna; Rychlík, Štěpán; Rabinak, E; Tanet, G.; Passarella, R.; Valerio, Pedroni; Karlsson, Vuokko; Alleman, L.; Pfeffer, Ulrich; Gladtke, Dieter; Olschewski, Andrea; O’Leary, Barbara; O'Dwyer, Marilla; Pockevicīute, D; Biel-Cwikowska, J.; Turšič, Janja

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.12.020

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…ICP at an external laboratory (ERG) indicated a variability of about 30 % for most elements, an almost perfect match (−0.1 %) between ICP labs for the average concentrations when Ca and Se are excluded, and deviations of less than 5 % between benchtop XRF and ICP (Table S2). These results are comparable to those in Gerboles et al (2011). Comparisons between the Xact and benchtop XRF in previous tests by the manufacturer with better control of the sampler inlet condi-tions almost always were within 5 % of each other.…”

Section: Data Validity Derived From General Statistics and Mdlssupporting

confidence: 84%

Response to Referee #1

Furger¹

2017

Preprint

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The Xact 625 Ambient Metals Monitor was tested during a 3-week field campaign at the rural, trafficinfluenced site Härkingen in Switzerland during the summer of 2015. The field campaign encompassed the Swiss National Day fireworks event, providing increased concentrations and unique chemical signatures compared to non-fireworks (or background) periods. The objective was to evaluate the data quality by intercomparison with other independent measurements and test its applicability for aerosol source quantification. The Xact was configured to measure 24 elements in PM 10 with 1 h time resolution. Data quality was evaluated for 10 24 h averages of Xact data by intercomparison with 24 h PM 10 filter data analysed with ICP-OES for major elements, ICP-MS for trace elements, and gold amalgamation atomic absorption spectrometry for Hg. Ten elements (S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ba, Pb) showed excellent correlation between the compared methods, with r 2 values ≥ 0.95. However, the slopes of the regressions between Xact 625 and ICP data varied from 0.97 to 1.8 (average 1.28) and thus indicated generally higher Xact elemental concentrations than ICP for these elements. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed, but further investigations are needed. For the remaining elements no conclusions could be drawn about their quantification for various reasons, mainly detection limit issues. An indirect intercomparison of hourly values was performed for the fireworks peak, which brought good agreement of total masses when the Xact data were corrected with the regressions from the 24 h value intercomparison. The re-sults demonstrate that multi-metal characterization at hightime-resolution capability of Xact is a valuable and practical tool for ambient monitoring.

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Section: Data Validity Derived From General Statistics and Mdlssupporting

confidence: 84%

Response to Referee #1

Furger¹

2017

Preprint

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“…Examination of three filter samples collected during the campaign by an offline XRF instrument (by CES) and by ICP at an external laboratory (ERG) indicated a variability of about 30 % for most elements, an almost perfect match (−0.1 %) between ICP labs for the average concentrations when Ca and Se are excluded, and deviations of less than 5 % between benchtop XRF and ICP (Table S2). These results are comparable to those in Gerboles et al (2011). Comparisons between the Xact and benchtop XRF in previous tests by the manufacturer with better control of the sampler inlet conditions almost always were within 5 % of each other.…”

Section: Data Validity Derived From General Statistics and Mdlssupporting

confidence: 77%

Elemental composition of ambient aerosols measured with high temporal resolution using an online XRF spectrometer

Furger

Minguillón

Yadav³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The Xact 625 Ambient Metals Monitor was tested during a 3-week field campaign at the rural, trafficinfluenced site Härkingen in Switzerland during the summer of 2015. The field campaign encompassed the Swiss National Day fireworks event, providing increased concentrations and unique chemical signatures compared to non-fireworks (or background) periods. The objective was to evaluate the data quality by intercomparison with other independent measurements and test its applicability for aerosol source quantification. The Xact was configured to measure 24 elements in PM 10 with 1 h time resolution. Data quality was evaluated for 10 24 h averages of Xact data by intercomparison with 24 h PM 10 filter data analysed with ICP-OES for major elements, ICP-MS for trace elements, and gold amalgamation atomic absorption spectrometry for Hg. Ten elements (S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ba, Pb) showed excellent correlation between the compared methods, with r 2 values ≥ 0.95. However, the slopes of the regressions between Xact 625 and ICP data varied from 0.97 to 1.8 (average 1.28) and thus indicated generally higher Xact elemental concentrations than ICP for these elements. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed, but further investigations are needed. For the remaining elements no conclusions could be drawn about their quantification for various reasons, mainly detection limit issues. An indirect intercomparison of hourly values was performed for the fireworks peak, which brought good agreement of total masses when the Xact data were corrected with the regressions from the 24 h value intercomparison. The results demonstrate that multi-metal characterization at hightime-resolution capability of Xact is a valuable and practical tool for ambient monitoring.

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“…Aerosols were introduced into a 114-port “Sputnik”-type aerosol dosing chamber (25) at STAMI. Plastic 37-mm diameter cassettes (Millipore, Inc., Billerica, Mass.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid-Soluble Internal Capsules for Closed-Face Cassette Elemental Sampling and Analysis of Workplace Air

Harper

Ashley

2013

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Airborne particles that are collected using closed-face filter cassettes (CFCs), which are used widely in the sampling of workplace aerosols, can deposit in places other than on the filter and thereby may not be included in the ensuing analysis. A technique for ensuring that internal non-filter deposits are included in the analysis is to collect airborne particles within an acid-soluble internal capsule that, following sampling, can be dissolved along with the filter for subsequent elemental analysis. An interlaboratory study (ILS) was carried out to evaluate the use of cellulosic CFC capsule inserts for their suitability in the determination of trace elements in airborne samples. The ILS was performed in accordance with an applicable ASTM International standard practice, ASTM E691, which describes statistical procedures for investigating interlaboratory precision. Performance evaluation materials consisted of prototype cellulose acetate capsules attached to mixed-cellulose ester filters. Batches of capsules were dosed with Pb-containing materials (standard aqueous solutions, and certified reference material soil and paint). Also, aerosol samples containing nine target analyte elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, and Ni) were generated using a multiport sampler; various concentrations and sampling times were employed to yield samples fortified at desired loading levels. Triplicates of spiked capsules at three different loadings were conveyed to each volunteer laboratory; loading levels were unknown to the participants. The laboratories were asked to prepare the samples by acid dissolution and to analyze aliquots of extracted samples by atomic spectrometry in accordance with applicable ASTM International Standards. Participants were asked to report their results in units of μg of each target element per sample. For the elements investigated, interlaboratory precision and recovery estimates from the participating laboratories demonstrated the utility of the cellulosic capsule inserts for the measurement of sampled trace elements.

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Interlaboratory comparison exercise for the determination of As, Cd, Ni and Pb in PM10 in Europe

Cited by 31 publications

References 10 publications

Response to Referee #1

Response to Referee #1

Elemental composition of ambient aerosols measured with high temporal resolution using an online XRF spectrometer

Acid-Soluble Internal Capsules for Closed-Face Cassette Elemental Sampling and Analysis of Workplace Air

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