Interindividual- and blood-correlated sweat phenylalanine multimodal analytical biochips for tracking exercise metabolism

Abstract

In situ monitoring of endogenous amino acid loss through sweat can provide physiological insights into health and metabolism. However, existing amino acid biosensors are unable to quantitatively assess metabolic status during exercise and are rarely used to establish blood-sweat correlations because they only detect a single concentration indicator and disregard sweat rate. Here, we present a wearable multimodal biochip integrated with advanced electrochemical electrodes and multipurpose microfluidic channels that enables simultaneous quantification of multiple sweat indicators, including phenylalanine and chloride, as well as sweat rate. This combined measurement approach reveals a negative correlation between sweat phenylalanine levels and sweat rates among individuals, which further enables identification of individuals at high metabolic risk. By tracking phenylalanine fluctuations induced by protein intake during exercise and normalizing the concentration indicator by sweat rates to reduce interindividual variability, we demonstrate a reliable method to correlate and analyze sweat-blood phenylalanine levels for personal health monitoring.

Multi-interface Combination of Bimetallic Selenide and V4C3Tx MXene for High-Rate and Ultrastable Sodium Storage Devices

“…As the potential recovered to 3.0 V, weak C@FCSe@V 4 C 3 (002) peaks with poor crystallinity emerged at approximately 33.5°and 34.2°, with an exception of Cu ( 111) and (200) peaks from the Cu receiver. 13 In addition, to better understand the conversion of Se in C@ FCSe@V 4 C 3 , in situ XPS was performed on the electrode after the first discharge and charge cycles (Figure 6c). As expected, for the primary sample, the diffraction peak of Se 3d 5/2 was observed at 53.1 eV.…”

“…Reflections of Na 2 Se and MO faded during subsequent charging, and those of Na x FCSe@V 4 C 3 appeared. As the potential recovered to 3.0 V, weak C@FCSe@V 4 C 3 (002) peaks with poor crystallinity emerged at approximately 33.5° and 34.2°, with an exception of Cu (111) and (200) peaks from the Cu receiver …”

“…Metal nanocrystals (MO) and Na 2 Se typically formed during the initial discharge phase gradually increased in size during the subsequent charge/discharge cycles . This structural deterioration negatively affects the kinetics of the conversion reaction and the reversibility of the reconversion process. , In addition, repeated discharge–charge operations accumulate mechanical stress. This leads to a low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and capacity decline, owing to the shedding of converted selenide and electrode crushing.…”

Industrially Scalable Textile Sensing Interfaces for Extended Artificial Tactile and Human Motion Monitoring without Compromising Comfort

“…Textiles, as a kind of traditional soft fibrous materials with inherent comfortable tactile sensation and burden-free lasting wearing comfort experience, have emerged as a promising candidate for designing wearable sensors and flexible electronic devices. − Recently, an increasing number of smart textile-based devices have been successfully developed for sensing, transmitting, actuating, and interacting with the human. − However, most of the present studies focus on functional material compositing on textiles and multiscenario applications of flexible electronics. The post-add-on strategy for assembling a functional sensing element into e-textiles will sacrifice the inherent flexibility, air permeability, and lasting wearing comfort of textiles, thus limiting the real-world applications.…”

Ultrasensitive Biomimetic Skin with Multimodal and Photoelectric Dual-Signal Sensing

“…In addition to protecting healthy tissues against damage, biological skins have functions of the perception of information regarding the stimulated area, as they can transform external stimuli (e.g., pain, temperature, strain, and pressure) into bioelectrical signals by exchanging ions through ion channels on the cell membrane to transmit information to the nervous system. − Furthermore, in nature, advanced biological skins generate optical phenomena induced by distinctive chromotropic characteristics swiftly changing skin color by adjusting the lattice spacing of photonic crystals formed by well-organized arrays of the guanine nanocrystals arrayed inside iridophores to express emotions or realize visual disguise, − such as chameleons and cephalopods. Inspired by aforementioned features of the skins and existing flexible wearable sensors, − a comprehensive simulation of biological skin, with a focus on encompassing optical/electrical (OE) output sensing modes, has attracted extensive attention in intelligent wearable devices and human–machine interactions. Considering the modulus of elasticity and the flexibility to fit with human skin, ion-conductive hydrogels, due to their low elastic modulus, moisturizing properties, excellent flexibility, and tunable mechanical properties, are viewed as ideal candidates in the field of electrical signal-sensing biomimetic skin. − Meanwhile, a considerable amount of research has been specialized in developing high-performance optical signal-sensing materials/structures, such as inverse opal skeletons, ordered microspheres, surfactant molecules, and cellulose nanocrystals, aiming to combine with ion-conductive hydrogels to achieve OE output signals.…”