Interim report cyanide safety studies

Burger, L.L.; Scheele, R.D.

doi:10.2172/5664674

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Efforts have been underway since the mid-1980s to investigate the potential for exothermic ferrocyanide reactions in Hanford Site SSTs (Burger 1984, Burger andScheele 1988). The approach to safety issue resolution consisted of three major efforts: 1) improved monitoring; 2) increased understanding of ferrocyanide chemical properties (waste phenomenology); and 3) waste characterization.…”

Section: Approach To Resolution Of the Ferrocyanide Safety Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the potential for ferrocyanide propagating reaction accidents

J.E.¹

1996

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A b s t r a c t : f e r r o c y a n i d e b e a r i n g waste s l u d g e s i n H a n f o r d underground waste s t o r a g e t a n k s . I n a d d i t i o n , t h e t a n k wastes a r e c a t e g o r i z e d w i t h t h i s c r i t e r i a i n t o SAFE, CONDITIONALLY SAFE, and UNSAFE c a t e g o r ie s based on a v a i l a b l e h i s t o r i c a l r e c o r d s and sample i n f o r m a t i o n . 14 t a n k s a r e c l a s s i f i e d as CONDITIONALLY SAFE, w h i l e four C-Farm t a n k s a r e c a t e g o r i z e d as SAFE. T h i s r e p o r t t h e r e f o r e p r o v i d e s a t e c h n i c a l b a s i s t o r e s o l v e t h e f e r r o c y a n i d e s a f e t y i s s u e f o r t h e s e f o u r t a n k s and s u p p o r t s t h e i r removal f r o m t h e Watch L i s t . The 14 CONDITIONALLY SAFE t a n k s w i l l be r e -e v a l u a t e d i n a f u t u r e r e v i s i o n t o t h i s r e p o r t a s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e sample d a t a bectimes a v a i l a b l e .be r e -c a t e g o r i z e d as SAFE a t t h a t t i m e . T h i s r e p o r t c o n t a i n s s a f e t y c r i t e r i a f o r t h e s t o r a g e o fI t i s a n t i c i p a t e d t h a t t h e 14 t a n k s w i l l TRADEMARK DISCLAIMER. t r a d e name, trademark, manufacturer, o r otherwise, does n o t necessarily c o n s t i t u t e o r imply i t s endorsement, recommendation, o r f a v o r i n g by t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s Government o r any agency t h e r e o f o r i t s c o n t r i c t o r s o r s u b c o n t r a c t o r s . P r i n t e d i t -, t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s of America. Reference Approved for Public ReleaseA-6400-073 (10/95) GEf321

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Section: Approach To Resolution Of the Ferrocyanide Safety Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the potential for ferrocyanide propagating reaction accidents

J.E.¹

1996

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“…Despite the fact that the measured temperatures in these tanks continue to drop (3"C/year) and the highest temperature currently recorded is 53°C (Hanlon 1994), there has been a good deal of speculation as to the possibility of "hot spots" forming in the tanks due to radiolytic heating. In order to address these concerns, a number of studies have been conducted by Westinghouse Hanford Company (WHC), Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL)," and others in an effort to identify the reaction(s) that occur, and to quantify the magnitude of the energy released during reaction(s) (Burger 1984;Burger and Scheele 1988;Burger and Scheele 1990;Scheele and Cady 1989;Hallen et al 1991;Scheele et al 1992a;Jeppson and Wong 1993;Thomson 1994a, 1994b). Although these studies have yielded many insights, the specific reactions have yet to be identified and the prevailing reaction rates have yet to be quantified.…”

Section: O Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferrocyanide Safety Project: Comparison of actual and simulated ferrocyanide waste properties

Scheele¹,

Burger²,

Sell³

et al. 1994

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The rheological or flow properties exhibited by the 1: 1 and 3: 1 water volume dilutions of INFARM-1 simulant is qualitatively similar to that exhibited by the wastes from C-109 and C-112 that were analyzed; however, quantitatively the simulant exhibits different rheological behavior. In general, the dilutions for all materials exhibit yield-pseudoplastic behavior. In general, the INFARM-1 simulant dilution 1: 1 dilution is about twice as viscous as the 1:l dilution of the core 47 composite sample from C-109, and substantially greater than the 2 CP viscosity of the 3:l dilution of core 47. The simulant also exhibits a much higher viscosity than the 1:l dilution of the core 36 composite taken from C-112, 580 versus 80 cP, respectively. As would be expected based on the lower cyanide concentrations found in the wastes from C-109 and C-112 relative to the cyanide concentration in the INFARM-2 simulant, the energy released from thermally induced reactions within wastes from C-109 and C-112 is much smaller than measured for the simulant. Qualitatively, the thermal behaviors observed by differential scanning calorimetry @SC) 4.5 Comparison of Element Concentrations on a Dry Basis (as Measured by ICP

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“…Efforts have been underway since the mid-1980s to evaluate the potential for a ferrocyanide explosion in the Hanford Site single-shell tanks (Burger 1989;Burger and Scheele 1988). In 1987, the final environmental impact statement for disposal of Hanford Site waste farms was issued (DOE 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quarterly report on Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board Recommendation 90-7 for the period ending December 31, 1992

Cash¹,

Dukelow²,

Forbes³

et al. 1993

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This is the seventh quarterly report on the progress of activities addressing safety issues •associated with-Hanford Site high-level radioactive waste tanks that contain ferrocyanide compounds. In the presence of oxidizing materials, such as nitrates or nitrites, ferrocyanide can be made to explode in the laboratory by heating it to high temperatures [above 285 *C (545°F)]. In the mid 1950s approximately 140 metric tons of ferrocyanide were added to 24 undergroundhigh-level radioactive waste tanks. An implementation plan (Cash 1991)* responding to the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board Recommendation 90-7 (FR 1990

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Interim report cyanide safety studies

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of the potential for ferrocyanide propagating reaction accidents

Assessment of the potential for ferrocyanide propagating reaction accidents

Ferrocyanide Safety Project: Comparison of actual and simulated ferrocyanide waste properties

Quarterly report on Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board Recommendation 90-7 for the period ending December 31, 1992

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