Interhemispheric control of manual motor activity

Geffen, Gina; Jones, Dean; Geffen, L. B.

doi:10.1016/0166-4328(94)90125-2

Cited by 151 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This is in good accordance with our neuroimaging findings of bilateral activation of motor feedback control centers with hand area representations that are strongly coupled transcallosally (36). In view of the fact that instability and transition phenomena can even be elicited when synchronization is attempted between the limbs of two persons, necessitating an integration of visual and proprioceptive information, it is noteworthy that the PMA receives strong multimodal, including visual, afferent input (37).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Transitions between dynamical states of differing stability in the human brain

Meyer‐Lindenberg

Ziemann

Hajak

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

170

130

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What mechanisms underlie the flexible formation, adaptation, synchronization, and dissolution of large-scale neural assemblies from the 10 10 densely interconnected, continuously active neurons of the human brain? Nonlinear dynamics provides a unifying perspective on self-organization. It shows that the emergence of patterns in open, nonequilibrium systems is governed by their stability in response to small disturbances and predicts macroscopic transitions between patterns of differing stability. Here, we directly demonstrate that such transitions can be elicited in the human brain by interference at the neural level. As a probe, we used a classic motor coordination paradigm exhibiting well described movement states of differing stability. Functional neuroimaging identified premotor (PMA) and supplementary motor (SMA) cortices as having neural activity linked to the degree of behavioral instability. These regions then were transiently disturbed with graded transcranial magnetic stimulation, which caused sustained and macroscopic behavioral transitions from the less stable out-of-phase to the stable in-phase movement, whereas the stable pattern could not be affected. Moreover, the strength of the disturbance needed (a measure of neural stability) was linked to the degree of behavioral stability, demonstrating the applicability of nonlinear system theory as a powerful predictor of the dynamical repertoire of the human brain.I maging of the living human brain routinely reveals patterns corresponding to the synchronized action of billions of neurons (1). The brain's formation of these large-scale distributed neural assemblies and the rapid transition between them is a striking example of self-organization. In complex systems far from equilibrium, nonlinear systems theory has proposed that the decisive parameter governing such collective emergent behavior is stability to small-scale disturbances; which dynamic patterns get selected from the vast array of possible combinations depends on their relative stability (2). Nonlinear systems exhibit pronounced susceptibility to small disturbances due to a hallmark property called ''sensitive dependence on initial conditions,'' meaning that minute changes to the system's state result in large-scale alterations.A further fundamental prediction of this approach is that self-organization depends on the occurrence of sudden macroscopic transitions between states of differing stability (usually called phase transitions; ref. 3). Therefore, if the presence of transitions between differentially stable patterns could be established, this would uncover a fundamental determinant of the dynamic repertoire of the central nervous system (4). Consequently, transition, synchronization and stability phenomena in neuronal membranes, cells, and small assemblies have been studied intensively (5-7). In humans, correlative evidence comes from the observation of electrophysiological changes as a consequence of alterations of stability in motor behavior, an area to which this theory has been applie...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Transitions between dynamical states of differing stability in the human brain

Meyer‐Lindenberg

Ziemann

Hajak

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

170

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The need for interhemispheric interactions in coordinating bimanual actions seems obvious and has been confirmed in several previous studies, especially in patients with defects of the corpus callosum (for review, see Geffen et al, 1994). As a physiological measure of interhemispheric interactions, the investigation of interhemispheric connectivity profiles with EEG and fMRI demonstrated stronger interhemispheric coupling of motor regions for anti-phase when compared to in-phase movements (Serrien and Brown, 2002;Serrien, 2008;Meister et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…If timing and accuracy of responses were predominantly programmed by one hemisphere, bilateral control of the distal limb musculature would still require monitoring activity in the motor regions of the opposite hemisphere. Sending an efference copy of the planned motor program from the nondominant to the dominant hemisphere could be one way to link corollary discharge of both motor cortices, thus allowing for optimal timing of movements in both hands (Geffen et al, 1994). The observation that split-brain patients show enormous difficulty in performing anti-phase bimanual movements underscores the importance of efficient interhemispheric transfer of motor information for bilateral movements (Tuller and Kelso, 1989;Kennerley et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychophysical evidence has demonstrated that when the frequency of anti-phase movements is increased, the tendency toward symmetry becomes stronger and, finally, results in an unavoidable transition from anti-phase to in-phase (Kelso, 1984;Swinnen, 2002). The involvement of interhemispheric interactions in coordinating bimanual actions has been widely discussed (Geffen et al, 1994). However, the exact mechanisms and pathways by which the brain stabilizes temporally complex bimanual coordination remain elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Coordination of Uncoupled Bimanual Movements by Strictly Timed Interhemispheric Connectivity

Liuzzi¹,

Hörniß²,

Zimerman³

et al. 2011

Journal of Neuroscience

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Independent use of both hands is characteristic of human action in daily life. By nature, however, in-phase bimanual movements, for example clapping, are easier to accomplish than anti-phase movements, for example playing the piano. It is commonly agreed that interhemispheric interactions play a central role in the coordination of bimanual movements. However, the spatial, temporal, and physiological properties of the interhemispheric signals that coordinate different modes of bimanual movements are still not completely understood. More precisely, do individual interhemispheric connectivity parameters have behavioral relevance for bimanual rapid anti-phase coordination? To address this question, we measured movement-related interhemispheric interactions, i.e., inhibition and facilitation, and correlated them with the performance during bimanual coordination. We found that movement-related facilitation from right premotor to left primary motor cortex (rPMd-lM1) predicted performance in anti-phase bimanual movements. It is of note that only fast facilitation during the preparatory period of a movement was associated with success in anti-phase movements. Modulation of right to left primary motor interaction (rM1-lM1) was not related to anti-phase but predicted bimanual in-phase and unimanual behavior. These data suggest that strictly timed modulation of interhemispheric rPMd-lM1 connectivity is essential for independent highfrequency use of both hands. The rM1-lM1 results indicate that adjustment of connectivity between homologous M1 may be important for the regulation of homologous muscle synergies.

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“…It has been established in stroke that even if one upper limb is activated with moderate force, it can produce motor overflow to the other limb such that both arms are engaged in the same or opposite muscle contractions, although at different levels of force [17,18]. Furthermore studies suggest that learning a novel motor skill with one arm will result in a subsequent bilateral transfer of skill to the other arm [19] indicating a strong neurophysiological linkage in the central nervous system that explains how bilateral movement benefits motor learning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%