Intergroup Relations and Muslims’ Mental Health in Western Societies: Australia as a Case Study

Kalek, Sally; Mak, Anita S.; Khawaja, Nigar G.

doi:10.1080/15564908.2010.487722

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Given the rise in hate crimes against Muslims combined with Islamophobic rhetoric in media outlets (Dunn et al, 2007;Kalek et al, 2010), the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between religious discrimination and life satisfaction in a sample of Muslim Americans. Based on a minority stress framework, we considered both distal (religious discrimination) and proximal stressors (fear for safety) commonly experienced by Muslim Americans and first proposed that two different forms of religious discrimination (religious prejudice and environmental religious discrimination) would positively relate to fear for safety and negatively relate to life satisfaction among Muslim Americans.…”

Section: Purpose Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, new journalofmuslimmentalhealth.org words (e.g., anti-Muslim) and terminology (e.g., Islamophobia) have become commonplace to describe the fear and hatred toward Muslims (Every & Perry, 2014) while various prejudiced efforts such as the "Campaign for a Muslim Free America" and "Muslim Free Zones" have also emerged (Council on American-Islamic Relations [CAIR], 2015). Furthermore, when reporting on Islam-related news stories, media outlets often use stigmatizing language (Dunn, Klocker, & Salabay, 2007;Kalek, Mak, & Khawaja, 2010) and pair images of Muslim women in hijabs when referring to "terrorists" (Ahmad, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Religious Discrimination and Fear for Safety on Life Satisfaction for Muslim Americans

Bassioni

Langrehr

2021

Journal of Muslim Mental Health

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Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between two forms of religious discrimination (religious prejudice and environmental discrimination) and life satisfaction among a sample of Muslim Americans. Based on the framework of minority stress theory, we also hypothesized that higher levels of religious prejudice as well as environmental discrimination, would significantly relate to higher fear of safety, and in turn, would relate to lower life satisfaction. Method: A total of 192 Muslim American participants (Age M= 27.87) completed an on-line survey about their experiences as Muslim American. Women made up almost 75% of the sample.Results: Findings revealed that higher religious prejudice as well as environmental discrimination were both significantly related to lower life satisfaction and that fear of safety partially mediated both of these relationships. Conclusions:  Findings help illustrate that Muslim Americans are not immune to the social-political climate of Islamophobia and can experience religious discrimination in different ways. In addition, women and younger participants expressed higher fear of safety when compared to men and older participants. Professionals who work with individuals from the Muslim community are encouraged to consider the chronic and on-going impact of stress that Muslim Americans face especially within the context of the United States.

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Section: Purpose Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Religious Discrimination and Fear for Safety on Life Satisfaction for Muslim Americans

Bassioni

Langrehr

2021

Journal of Muslim Mental Health

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“…Muslims are therefore constructed as a hybridized threat, an outgroup impacting the identity of the (white) ethno-national in-group (Jaspal & Cinnirella, 2010a). This negative social representation and marginalisation can leave Australian Muslims feeling alienated from the country and culture they self-identify (Issues Deliberation Australia, 2007) and thus prioritise their religious identity as an alternative source of belonging (Aly, 2007;Kalek, Mak & Khawaja, 2010). Yet, looking at Arab Australian Muslims, Akbarzadeh (2009) suggests while they have a strong religious identity, they see no contradiction between Australian and Muslim values.…”

Section: Australian Muslimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The construction of national and religious identities amongst Australian Isma’ili Muslims

2020

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Australian civic society has become increasingly multicultural and diverse. Nevertheless, in the current political climate, Australian Muslims may feel they live under a microscope of scrutiny with their sense of affiliation and allegiance questioned. The narrative regarding Muslims in Australia has largely focused on Sunnis and ethnic Arabs. This qualitative study examines the Australian Shi'a Isma'ili Muslim community -a minority within a minorityand how attachment to supra-ordinate identity markers of "Muslim" and "Australian" influence their identity construction. It utilised semi-structured interviews with 16 first and second-generation Isma'ili Muslims to examine the intersection of national, religious, and cultural identities via the lens of Identity Process Theory (IPT). Religious identity was important to respondents who spoke of how their "double minority" status distinguished themselves vis-à-vis the broader Muslim community in Australia and Australian society overall. Nevertheless, respondents noted a strong sense of instrumental attachment to Australia which enabled developing a distinct niche of Isma'ili Muslim identity unique to the Australian landscape.

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“…29 Kalek, Mak and Khawaja found that the experience of direct or indirect prejudice may be particularly harmful to Muslims who have poorer social self-efficacy and coping skills. 30 This would apply especially to recently-arrived refugees fleeing traumatic conflicts back home.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Australian Muslim Jobseekers: Equal Employment Opportunity and Equity in the Labor Market

Lovat¹,

Nilan²,

Hosseini³

et al. 2013

Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs

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The experience of job market disadvantage is not a novel phenomenon for some in contemporary Australia, even in the face of embedded equal employment opportunity (EEO) ideals. This article addresses the phenomenon of persistent job market disadvantage for some minority groups by presenting new data from a major multi-method study on labor market obstacles for Muslims seeking jobs in Australia. Responses from jobseekers and employment service providers are analyzed together to consider how EEO principles are experienced by Muslims who engage with employment services and move in and out of the labor force. The article proposes that key EEO tenets-freedom from discrimination and support to overcome disadvantage-are not represented at present in many Muslim jobseeker experiences. Furthermore, these same EEO principles appear to be somewhat compromised in employment service provision to Muslim jobseekers and, by extension, to other disadvantaged minority jobseekers. We offer some suggestions as to how the spirit of EEO legislation might be better reflected in support of Muslim jobseekers. It is concluded that an all government approach may be needed to counter deep mistrust of Muslims in Australian society.

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Intergroup Relations and Muslims’ Mental Health in Western Societies: Australia as a Case Study

Cited by 12 publications

References 76 publications

Effects of Religious Discrimination and Fear for Safety on Life Satisfaction for Muslim Americans

Effects of Religious Discrimination and Fear for Safety on Life Satisfaction for Muslim Americans

The construction of national and religious identities amongst Australian Isma’ili Muslims

Australian Muslim Jobseekers: Equal Employment Opportunity and Equity in the Labor Market

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