Intergroup Differentiation in Social Context: Identity Needs versus Audience Constraints

Ellemers, Naomi; Dyck, Cathy van; Hinkle, Steve; Jacobs, An

doi:10.2307/2695881

Cited by 42 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It could be argued that we only have indirect evidence that strategic considerations underlie newcomers' whistle-blowing intentions. Our reasoning is consistent with a large body of research examining strategic behavior by group members that differ in intragroup status or group identification (e.g., Barreto et al, 2003;Ellemers et al, 2000;Hornsey, Frederiks, Smith, & Ford, 2007;Jetten et al, 2003;Noel et al, 1995), and consistent with research examining the costs and benefits associated with whistle-blowing (Gundlach et al, 2003) and group behavior more generally (Packer, 2008). Note that there was also only indirect evidence of strategic behavior in these studies-it was inferred from comparing public versus private responses (e.g., Noel et al, 1995), by manipulating the status gulf between participants and their audience (Hornsey et al, 2007;Jetten et al, 2006), or by comparing contexts where future acceptance was likely or not (Jetten et al, 2003).…”

Section: Implications and Limitationssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Newcomers are expected to be more likely than old-timers to read the context as a guide for appropriate behavior. In this way, our argument ties in with a broader literature showing that strategic behavior has to be contextually possible and appropriate (see Barreto & Ellemers, 2000;Barreto, Spears, Ellemers, & Shahinper, 2003;Ellemers, van Dyck, Hinkle, & Jacobs, 2000;Spears & Lea, 1994). We therefore predicted that, because newcomers are more sensitive to what the situation affords than old-timers, newcomers should intend to confront deviance when that is likely to lead to positive outcomes, but they should also refrain from confronting deviance and downplay the seriousness of norm-violations when that is what the situation affords.…”

Section: Responding To Rule-violations and Intragroup Positionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Rule transgressions in groups: The conditional nature of newcomers' willingness to confront deviance

Jetten

Hornsey

Spears

et al. 2009

Euro J Social Psych

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We provide evidence that, compared to old-timers, newcomers' intentions to confront deviants are more sensitive to the social context when confronted with rule-violations. Female rugby players (N ¼ 71) were asked for their disapproval of, and willingness to sanction, ingroup and outgroup members who broke important rules in rugby. We also manipulated the status of the audience and found that newcomers were more likely to confront deviants when the audience was high status, and when there was little risk of alienating other ingroup members. In contrast, old-timers expressed relatively high intentions to confront deviants regardless of the context. Discussion focuses on the idea that newcomers resiled from confronting deviants when an ingroup rule-breaker had to be directly confronted, presumably because the perceived costs of doing so exceeded the potential benefits of ingratiating oneself to the high-status audience.

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Section: Implications and Limitationssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Responding To Rule-violations and Intragroup Positionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Rule transgressions in groups: The conditional nature of newcomers' willingness to confront deviance

Jetten

Hornsey

Spears

et al. 2009

Euro J Social Psych

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“…Research informed by the latter perspective has emphasised the strategic expression of norms by low identifiers (e.g. Barreto & Ellemers, 2000, 2002Ellemers, van Dyck, Hinkle, & Jacobs, 2000;Jetten, Branscombe, Spears, & McKimmie, 2003). Our research suggests that high identifiers can be equally strategic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Playing the game: when group success is more important than downgrading deviants

Morton

Postmes

Jetten

2006

Euro J Social Psych

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Partisan respondents evaluated a potential party leader (Study 1) or an ingroup political candidate (Study 2) who expressed normative or deviant opinions against a backdrop of public opinion that was either supportive of, or hostile toward, the ingroup's traditional beliefs (Study 1) or the normative ingroup position on a specific issue (Study 2). Across both studies, high identifiers gave stronger support to a normative candidate over a deviant candidate when public opinion was with the group, but not when public opinion was against the group. Under the latter conditions, high identifiers instead upgraded the deviant candidate. Additional analyses revealed this pattern of differential support for normative and deviant candidates among high identifiers appeared to be related to strategic considerations-specifically, the candidate's perceived chances of gaining public support and being elected. Among low identifiers, support for normative and deviant candidates was less affected by the broader context of public opinion, and was not related to such strategic considerations. These results demonstrate that responses to deviance depend on the broader context in which deviance occurs. Deviance can, at times, be a way through which groups achieve important goals.

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“…For instance, as a result of the search for distinctive group features (see also Mlicki & Ellemers, 1996) when groups have equal status, members of minority groups generally identify more strongly with their group than members of majority groups (see Brewer, 1991;Ellemers & Van Rijswijk, 1997;Simon & Brown, 1987). Furthermore, people are ready to identify with groups that compare unfavorably to other groups (e.g., low-status groups), to the extent that they believe in the potential of the group to improve its plight-that is, where intergroup differences are unstable (e.g., Ellemers, Van Dyck, Hinkle, & Jacobs, 2000)-or perceive their group's disadvantage as unjust-that is, where intergroup differences are illegitimate (e.g., Ellemers, 2001a).…”

Section: Self-categorization and Social Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivating Individuals and Groups at Work: A Social Identity Perspective on Leadership and Group Performance

Ellemers¹,

Gilder²,

Haslam³

2004

The Academy of Management Review

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441

406

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We argue that additional understanding of work motivation can be gained by incorporating current insights concerning self-categorization and social identity processes and by examining the way in which these processes influence the motivation and behavior of individuals and groups at work. This theoretical perspective that focuses on the conditions determining different self-definitions allows us to show how individual and group processes interact to determine work motivation. To illustrate the added value of this approach, we develop some specific propositions concerning motivational processes underpinning leadership and group performance.

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Intergroup Differentiation in Social Context: Identity Needs versus Audience Constraints

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Rule transgressions in groups: The conditional nature of newcomers' willingness to confront deviance

Rule transgressions in groups: The conditional nature of newcomers' willingness to confront deviance

Playing the game: when group success is more important than downgrading deviants

Motivating Individuals and Groups at Work: A Social Identity Perspective on Leadership and Group Performance

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