Intergraded LiNbO₃ electrooptical electromagnetic field sensor

Photonic Electric-Field Sensor Utilizing an Asymmetric Ti:LiNbO3Mach–Zehnder Interferometer with a Dipole Antenna

“…Hybrid electro-optical electric-field sensors using a coplanar waveguide antenna [6], a circular antenna fabricated on mica sheet, and Mach-Zehnder modulators utilizing traveling-wave electrode structures on the LiNbO 3 substrate have been reported [3]. The present article presents an electro-optical Mach-Zehnder modulator-type electricfield sensor with a dipole antenna.…”

Ultra-miniature Dual-band Antenna Based on Subwavelength Resonators on LiNbO3 Substrate

“…The reasons of low cost and wide use in electrical engineering encourage the choice of LiNbO 3 as a substrate. It has been commonly used in electrooptics in modulators and converters, as well as in patch and bow-tie antennas being a part of these electrooptical devices [20][21][22][23][24]. To the best of our knowledge, LiNbO 3 has not yet been used in small antennas beyond electrooptics, i.e., just for the purpose of miniaturization.…”

Electro-optic Electric Field Sensor Utilizing Ti:LiNbO3 Symmetric Mach-Zehnder Interferometers

“…To evaluate the EMC it is necessary to accurately evaluate the strength and distribution of electromagnetic field surrounding the electronic equipment. Even though various kinds of sensors have been developed, all-optical electric-field sensors have several unique advantages [2][3][4][5]. Some of their benefits over electrical devices used in the measurement of electric fields are:…”

“…Hybrid electro-optical electric-field sensors using a coplanar waveguide antenna [2], a circular antenna fabricated on mica sheet [3], and Mach-Zehnder modulators utilizing travelingwave electrode structures on the LiNbO 3 substrate were reported previously. The present paper presents an electro-optical Mach-Zehnder modulator-type electric-field sensor with push- pull lumped electrode structures and plate-type probe antennas.…”