Intergovernmental panel on climate change’s landfill methane protocol: Reviewing 20 years of application

Abstract

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) protocol for predicting national methane emission inventories from landfills was published 22 years ago in the 1996 Revised Guidelines. There currently exists a broad dataset to review landfill parameters and reported values and their appropriateness in use and application in a range of site-specific, regional, and national estimates. Degradable organic carbon (DOC) content was found to range from 0.0105 to 0.65 g C/g waste, with an average of 0.166 g C/g waste. The fraction of DOC that would anaerobically degrade (DOC ) was reported to range from 50-83%, whereas higher and lower values have been experimentally determined for a variety of waste components, such as wood (0-50%) and food waste (50-75%). Where field validation occurred for the methane correction factor, values were substantially lower than defaults. The fraction of methane in anaerobic landfill gas ( F) default of 50% is almost universally applied and is appropriate for cellulosic wastes. The methane generation rate constant ( k) varied widely from 0.01 to 0.51 y, representing half-lives from 1 to 69 years. Methane oxidation (OX) default values of 0 and 10% may be valid, but values greater than 30% have been reported for porous covers at managed sites. The IPCC protocol is a practical tool with uncertainties and limitations that must be addressed when used for purposes other than developing inventories.

Low fraction of methane in landfill gas emissions in an industrial waste landfill containing incineration ash and gypsum board waste under anaerobic conditions

“…The fraction of degradable organic carbon that anaerobically degrades (DOC f ) is affected by many factors, such as temperature and waste composition (Krause et al, 2016a;Wang et al, 2015). Krause (2018) noted that the DOC f was reported to range from 50% to 83% and that higher and lower values were experimentally determined for a variety of waste components, such as wood (0-50%) and food waste (50-75%). Thus, the R orgC of this study (33%) suggests that the decomposition and gasification of organic carbon by microbial reactions had occurred in this landfill site.…”

“…In IPCC (2016), the fraction of CH 4 was described as the fraction of CH 4 in generated landfill gas (F). Generally, the composition of gas emitted from landfills is mostly composed of CO 2 and CH 4 gases (Krause, 2018;Thermelis and Ulloa, 2007). In this study, the fraction of CH 4 in landfill gas emissions was determined using the following equation Fraction of CH 4 in landfill gas emissions…”

Medidas De Fluxo De Dióxido De Carbono E Metano Em Um Depósito De Resíduos Insalubre Na Amazônia

“…On the other hand, in this older area, which has not been receiving residues from many years, several places had a zero CH 4 flow, and some exhibited a sink of atmospheric CH 4 STERN et al, 2007). The presence of preferential emission points was probably due to changes in gas concentrations within the dump (ABICHOU et al, 2006;BAJAR et al, 2017;KRAUSE, 2018). These changes are due to the uneven spreading of residues, lack of substrate layers or no use of plastic waterproofing between residue layers, or any gas collection strategy.…”

Applying methane and carbon flow balances for determination of first-order landfill gas model parameters

“…DOC that does not degrade is considered to be stored within the landfill [32]. According to Christensen et al [33], carbon storage is one of the significant factors in greenhouse gas life-cycle analysis for landfills.…”