Intergenerational mobility and occupational status in Italy

Pietro, Giorgio Di; Urwin, Peter J.

doi:10.1080/1350485032000081965

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Moreover, the inheritage effect for occupational status found in this paper has been previously shown for other countries [28, 29] and also for Spain [30], and indicate that occupational stratification flows from one generation to the next. Also, we have found a positive and significant influence of individuals’ economic situation on their self-reported health, similarly to what other studies proved for several European countries [31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Estimating direct effects of parental occupation on Spaniards’ health by birth cohort

2017

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BackgroundSocial health inequalities in adult population are partly due to socioeconomic circumstances in childhood. A better understanding of how those circumstances affect health during adulthood may improve the opportunities for reducing health disparities. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of parental socioeconomic status, which is proxied by occupation, on adult Spaniards’ health by birth cohort. The analysis will allow checking not only the direct impact of parental occupation on their offspring’s health, but also whether inherited inequality has been reduced over time.MethodsWe use data from the Bank of Spain’s Survey of Household Finances on Spanish households from 2002 to 2008. Sequential models were used to estimate the influence of the father’s and mother’s occupation on their offspring’s health, trying to disentangle direct from indirect effects. With a sample of 26,832 persons we consider effects for four different cohorts by birth periods ranging from 1916 to 1981.ResultsThe results show that parental occupation has a significant direct impact on individuals’ health (p < 0.01). The effect of father’s occupation exceeds that of mother’s. For those born before 1936, the probability of reporting a good health status ranges from 0.31 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14–0.48), when fathers were classified as unskilled elementary workers, to 0.98 (95% CI 0.98–0.99) when they were managers or mid-level professionals. For those born during the period 1959–1975, those probabilities are 0.49 (95% CI 0.39–0.59) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.96–0.98), respectively. Therefore, health inequalities linked to parental socioeconomic status have been noticeably reduced, although discrimination against unskilled workers persists over time.ConclusionsGreat progress has been made in the health area during the twentieth century, so that the impact of parental socioeconomic status on individuals’ health has been significantly tempered for those at the bottom of the social scale. However, more efforts focused on the improvement of living conditions for most socioeconomically disadvantaged are needed in order to further reduce social inequalities in health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Estimating direct effects of parental occupation on Spaniards’ health by birth cohort

2017

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“…They also find that more recent cohorts are more mobile than their earlier counterparts. Using slightly different methods, Carmichael (2000), using the BHPS, and Di Pietro and Urwin (2003), using Italian data, find strong relationships between father and son occupations. 60 Ferrie (2005) demonstrates that occupational mobility in the U.S. was much greater in the late 19th century than in the 20th century.…”

Section: Jobs and Occupationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Intergenerational Mobility

Black¹,

Devereux²

2010

488

574

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Economists and social scientists have long been interested in intergenerational mobility, and documenting the persistence between parents and children's outcomes has been an active area of research. However, since Gary Solon's 1999 Chapter in the Handbook of Labor Economics, the literature has taken an interesting turn. In addition to focusing on obtaining precise estimates of correlations and elasticities, the literature has placed increased emphasis on the causal mechanisms that underlie this relationship. This chapter describes the developments in the intergenerational transmission literature since the 1999 Handbook Chapter. While there have been some important contributions in terms of measurement of elasticities and correlations, we focus primarily on advances in our understanding of the forces driving the relationship and less on the precision of the correlations themselves.

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“…Using slightly different methods, 59 The focus of this paper is on disentangling the reasons for the increase over time in the proportion of daughters in the same occupation as their father. Carmichael (2000), using the BHPS, and Di Pietro and Urwin (2003), using Italian data, find strong relationships between father and son occupations. 60 Ferrie (2005) demonstrates that occupational mobility in the U.S. was much greater in the late 19th century than in the 20th century.…”

Section: Jobs and Occupationsmentioning

confidence: 99%